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Child Development Stages: Prenatal to Early Childhood Assignment Sample by Native Assignment Help
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The concept of birth and baby’s development understanding along with regular screening programs analysis in the initial life stage
1:1. Birth conception, by understanding and describing life stages
Prenatal period in this period, the conception of the zygote is being formed to evaluate the concept of a baby’s birth. Throughout these stages the baby is effectively grow from a zygote to tiny human.
Conception is united of one egg and one sperm. It happens from out of 100 eggs and millions of sperms. This is called fertilization, happens in a women's fallopian tube. Fertilized egg called zygote. After the fertilization the egg divides into small balls. It travels through the women’s fallopian tube to the uterus.
There are three stages of trimesters, germinal stage, embryonic stage, foetal stage.
The embryonic stage is from 3rd week to 8th week of pregnancy. The embryonic period is being started after the 3rd week of conception mark occurrence. In this stage, the mass cell evolves and is differentiated by human characteristics. This stage plays a very important role in the brain and spinal development and also ears, nose and eyes. The umbilical cord, amnion and placenta all develop from fertilised eggs that deliver relevant life sustaining elements for the development of a baby in the mother's womb. The amniotic fluid supports the foetus from temperature, humidity controlled and shockproof. One vein and artery go through the umbilical cord to attach the embryo with the placenta. Through placenta, the child's and mother’s blood arteries connect without merging. This is the segment of pregnancy where dizziness starts.
Until birth the foetal stage is continued and it starts during 9th pregnancy weeks. Embryo is turned into a foetus during this week. The assigned sex is obtained by the foetus during the 9th week of pregnancy. The body system and foetus is constantly growing. At this stage the foetus starts to move its legs and arms as well as closing and opening its mouth as well as its head is twisted. The lower portion of the baby’s body quickly extends in the meantime. Baby’s leg and arm movement is now felt by the mother.
End of the fifth month foetus is about 12 inches long, weight is approximately 1lb. Fingernails and Toenails have structure in the skin surface. This duration is more active and larger. Foetus starts to progress from one part to another part in the mother's womb.
Early pregnancies normally happen between 24 and 37 weeks. By the 7th month of pregnancy, the foetus becomes 3 pounds heavy and 16 inches long.
Over 40 weeks, half of the pregnancy was covered. Few babies are born on time, some babies born premature. Mother may feel fatigue and uncomfortable. Baby's height is about 20 inches from the top of their head to their heel and may reach 8 pounds at 40 weeks. At 40 weeks, the baby may arrive any day.
The medical professional will keep an eye on the baby's movement and heart rate if the mom doesn't go into labour within a week of the scheduled delivery date. The baby's body is curled up, and its head is most likely in the pelvis. If not, the carer can apply firm pressure to the baby's abdomen to turn it. The doctor advises the mother to have a C-section if that doesn't work. Each trimester carries its own risk. Most healthcare providers advise that the first 13 weeks are the most dangerous phase. Risk of the miscarriage happens during the first trimester.
1.2. Routine checks explanation carried out during postnatal care, antenatal care, and first year of life
Routine examinations carried out in the course of prenatal care. Throughout the pregnancy, certain tests will be available, such as blood tests or ultrasound scans. These tests are performed to help make pregnancy safer, to check and evaluate the mother's development and well-being, and to screen for certain conditions. There is no requirement for the mother to take any of these exams. However, to come to an informed choice about the decision to take the tests, you must be aware of every aspect of them.
At a greater risk of people with major health concerns found out through this screening and they can get the treatment sooner or take better decisions in health care. Pregnancy screening includes ultrasound and blood tests. Most of hereditary abnormalities can be diagnosed through blood screening.
1.3. Descriptions of some factors the influence the baby’s development
The womb provides protection the foetus indirectly connects to the outside of the world through its mother. Some components that are connected to the mother can harm the fetus.
*Toxin
*Poor nutrition
*Age of exposure
*Use of alcohol
*Dose
*Smoking
*X-rays and other lend of radiation
*Stress
After the delivery, the newborn baby will be the centre of attention. Doctors and midwifes carry out a serious of routine test to ensure that the baby’s health. In terms of finding any early concern, treatment needs to be started earlier
The first test baby will have been the apgar score. It will complete one minute after the baby born and again 15minute later. Apgar stands for baby's pulse, Grimance, Appearance, reflex, muscle tone and respiration. If the midwife noticed any strange, she could get extra help. The Apgar score evaluates a baby's reflexes, muscle tone, skin colour, heart rate, and breathing. Each check will receive a score of 0, 1, or 2, for a total of 10. Seven or higher is the typical score. In addition, the baby will be weighed, have her fontanelle examined, have her body length and head circumference measured, and have any latent abnormalities or bruises from the birth examined.
All new parents are eligible for a compressible checkup as soon as their child is born. The medical professional should explain the examination. The baby's doctor might advise more testing if they find anything that could indicate a problem.After six to eight weeks, the baby has another physical examination because some of the conditions being screened for may take longer to manifest.
Upto one year baby’s health check-ups with personal health record management
The mother is responsible to deliver a personal health record of her child. This is termed as the “red book” as it has some crimson cover. Baby's physical records will be entered into the system. Any accidents and illness that are experiences by an infant, along with any specific medications should be noted in the recorded log-book.
Vaccination is more beneficial to protect the newborn against diseases such as measles, tetanus, rubella and meningitis.
2.1. Recognise sequences and stages of growth from newborn to 7 years in the different areas
A baby develops into a young adult who can interact socially and take care of themselves. Along with the changes in appearance that take place from early childhood to adolescence, development also involves some changes in a child's thinking, speech, behaviour, emotions, and personality as they start to comprehend and engage with the world that is around them. This is the reason that this stage primarily concentrates on skills. Three-year-olds grow physically quickly; they can sit, walk, run, and catch. Children's development of fine motor skills and growth open up between the ages of three and five.
Young children grow their verbal vocabulary level of 300 – 1000 words within their initial 3 years of life. Child's social and emotional developments will change around one year. From three to seven years old, children obtain social emotional skills.
Infants develop at their own rate. The children come in a variety of healthy sizes and shapes. The factors that affect a child's height and weight include gender, hormones, physical activity, nutrition, heredity, and environment. A child's birth weight has increased by twofold, tripled, and quadrupled by the time they are two years old.
The body growth of a child varied at different rates. These are two kinds. Cephalocaudal, proximodistal.
Baby's body fat increase during last week of pregnancy and it persist to do immediate after child’s birth, reaching high at 9 months of age. Due to this “baby fat” baby’s temperature remains stable. Second year of the life most toddlers start to lose weight. During adolescence and childhood, muscle mass gradually increases, and then rapidly accelerates in adolescence.
Cartilage is a soft, elastic material that forms the basis of the embryonic skeleton. From the 6th week of pregnancy through adolescence and childhood, it persists. Skeletal growth may differ in the same age group children.
Children have to learn how to communicate with surrounding people. Evidence shows children's gestures predict future language development, even before they start to talk. When they acquire the language, they also learn how to categorise their surroundings and how to take turns in conversations. A baby should be able to pronounce their first meaningful word at 12 months.
Children improve phycological well-being improve a lot when they create connection, captivate in social interactions and achieve a good understanding on the capability to control their emotions. Children identifies, self-images and perceptions of feelings evolve as they grow. Developing strong bond is critical to social and emotional growth. Long term relationships are identified by strong feeling of intimate with others. There is more to the attachment between a mother and her child than just feeding. The concept of safeguard feel base served as the foundation for both parent and child. Children also begin to form relationships with other people and acquire social skills and manners.
Cognitive progresses are the highest-level function of the brain. Children improve their memory, concentration and understanding of the world. It is including thinking, remembering, and problem solving and knowing. This preoperational stage in between 2years to 7years.
2.2. Explain ‘Holistic’ development
In holistic development, the interdependence of the mind, body, and spirit is acknowledged. A holistic strategy for child development by early childhood educators takes into account not only the cognitive aspects of learning but also the physical, personal, social, emotional, and spiritual wellbeing of the children. The five approach of Holistic growth are follows,
Cognitive development
A child’s knowledge, understanding and problem solving
Physical activities
2.3. children’s development and its related development factor
Biological factors
Recognising the theoretical underpinnings and educational frameworks that underpin early childhood practice knowledge and comprehension
3.1. Theoretical perspective analysis
The most significant ideas within the child development are the work of Piaget. Children’s Cognitive development is not only associated with knowledge acquisition, however, children eventually require to develop or build a mental neighbouring environment model.
A four steps procedure:
Bandura’s theory suggests, learning process for children is depending on their surroundings via active cognition termed observant learning.
Kid learns via their adults and peers surround them daily. According to the social learning theory, children learn through imitating rather than being instructed.
This theory based on operant and behaviour conditioning. The founder of this theory suggests that behaviours are grasping via positive reinforcement.
This theory is an idea that shows individual have a congenital capability to gain and learn knowledge. According to Chomsky, parents who repeat the sounds of babbling and associate them with phrases help their kids learn the language.
According to Lev Vygotsky, children pick up language through problem-solving with the assistance of their carer, parents, and other family members. Children learn and practise language skills by means of observing and listening to the people around them, including their parents.
Gesell advice a development Maturational theory based on several assumptions. He believed that the reason for developmental changes in children lies primarily in aging processes. He suggested that learning and life experience are not the cause of development. The age norms for physical growth suggested by Gesell are still used in childcare as they enable the specialists to monitor the child’s development.
Froebel believed that the most crucial way for young children to learn is through play. Everyone has embraced his views regarding the value of having fun and gaining knowledge from nature.
The educational approach known as the Montessori Method, after its creator Maria Montessori, prioritises student autonomy and choice over textbook utilisation in the classroom. This teaching philosophy acknowledges that a conducive learning environment fosters kids wanting to learn.
3.2: Child development and its related theoretical perspective analysis in specific framework
Piaget's theory informed the development of the present EYFS and foundation phase, highlighting the notion that children learn best when actively exploring a stimulating and demanding environment.
According to Vygotsky, children acquire knowledge through building. His argument is that language is how kids learn. It highlights the social aspects of development. Play, both adult and child, is emphasised.
His theory is children learn certain behaviours base on prior positive and negative experience. Skinner characterised operant into 3 basic categories
Early year practitioner: Early year practitioners are specialist of newborn and young children’s mental, social, emotional and educational development. In the context of early year practitioner, they are capable to work in any nursery, school, or childcare management with kids under 5 years.
4.1. What does Early Years practitioner do?
Early year practitioner provides huge support to kids with best possible beginning in their life. Children are entitled to the development of their skills, interests, and personalities. UN conventions outline children's rights, irrespective of their cultural background, religion, or learning disabilities.
Adults can better understand and support each child's growth path by following this advice.
Many early childhood educators are characterised as responsible, empathetic, and caring individuals who have a passion for assisting young children. The practitioner performs additional duties as a "key person." Maintaining positive relationships with both the child along with the parent is crucial for practitioners, as is making sure that every child is thoroughly observed, evaluated, and planned for during "settling in discussions" and the duration of the child's stay.
4.2. Evaluate the role of the early year’s practitioner in assisting holistic development of children
Some of the Early years practitioner’s roles and responsibilities
Early years of practitioner observant
Age | Cognitive and neurological development | Speech, communication, and language development | Physical development | Emotional and social development |
BIRTH to 6 MONTHS | Babies will grow fast and start to notice what is | Babies begin to recognise their family or | Newborn babies will grow very fast, and they | Babies will build emotional relationships |
Going on around them. They will capable of how to feel physical things hungry, sleepy and recognise their caregivers. | caregiver and start to interact with them by smiling, gurgling or listening. | will soon be capable to jerk their legs, limbs keep their look around by heads up | with their caregivers who care for them the most. | |
6-12 MONTHS |
Babies are beginning to know important words and tone such as “mum” and “dad” and they will also develop an attachment to a favourite toy who they will be able to recognise. | Starting to understand key voices, key words, their name, self-talk and many more | Babies can turn around from their front, move legs and gain strength- they can pick things up, start moving and maybe move | They may become distressed when caregivers leave- when presented to strangers and also enjoy cuddling and touch |
1-2 YEARS |
Children will understand and use object such as hairbrushes and spoons. | Children can follow gentle simple commands and gestures- there will be a higher understanding of language also | They could be potty trained, walk with the help of an object or caregiver and also proactively engage with their environment such as: flipping books, using building blocks, dancing etc | Babies will thrive for more attention- they'll become more confident and interact with people more thoroughly. This is near the peak of their exploring. |
2-3 YEARS |
They will grasp complex ideas, vocabulary, gestures and self-reflections. They may start learning nursery rhymes or grow fond of a particular show. | Children will vocalise more often and know a sufficient bank of vocabulary. | Motor skills will improve (climbing, running etc), and children will start to develop a preference for a dominant hand. | Children can express feelings better which can lead to increased tantrums and reliance on adults. They may start appreciating alone time. |
3-4 YEARS |
They will have a greater conscience and grasp more complex | Children will think more, remember more and also participate in | Kids will have better spatial awareness; draw passionately; | Children will want more independence, interact with other children |
situations such as: time, questioning and events. | simpler conversations. | movement will become proper such as using stairs, walking and navigation. | and gain a greater confidence. | |
4-7 YEARS |
Children can explain and solve difficulties; memory will be precise, and they’ll start associating colours and objects to ideas and places for example: birthdays and easter. | Children can solve dilemmas and speak fluently- use vaster vocabulary and speak fluently they may also start learning how to read and write. | Children will improve physically, and hand movements will become more stable, and they can enjoy games such as football; basketball and tennis. | An appreciation for company will become profound and they’ll learn how to cooperate with others so they can contribute to their greater environment and positively impact them and others around them. |
The process of Early Year practitioner facilitates towards growth?
On Each Order!
Infants and young children learn and grow in a variety of ways, most of which at first are connected and encompass various developmental domains. As children get older, their developmental pattern shifts from being simpler to more intricate. To support the child's holistic growth, the early childhood educator must ascertain what the child demands and should make accommodations for them.
Children can use these resources to learn about materials and their characteristics as they investigate and talk about them. They will need soft play access such like sand, play dough water and physical development tools like balls, colouring pencils and tricycle. This will eventually assist to children improve their development of language when they communicate with others.
Adults must need to support and guide children and babies as they expand. This might be encouraging them, eulogise them or by how to build the blocks.
4.3. Working partnership with parents/carers
The parent-child partnership is emphasised in the EYFS. Because of their early educational experiences, they help parents continue their children's education at home and practitioners create successful educational experiences in the setting. Parents can find out about their children's progress in learning by having regular conversations and offering assistance during class.
Plan opportunities for learning and development of children
5.1. From birth to 5 years in relation, plan opportunities for children
References
STUDYBULLETS 2023
Paul Main November 22,2022
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