Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Schizoaffective Disorder: Emma
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Introduction: Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Schizoaffective Disorder: Emma
This essay has shed light on the treatment of schizoaffective disorder. Emma Smith, 33 years old woman is facing problems related to schizoaffective disorder. As the symptoms of schizoaffective disorder, she is experiencing traumatic or stressful life events.CBT or "Cognitive Behavioural Therapy" may be useful to treat schizoaffective disorder. She considers herself less worthy and a burden for the family. Due to this thought, she tries to take her own life in the previous days. In this discussion about her treatment, the focus will be fixed on enhancing her self-confidence. This will be helpful in considering herself to be a valuable member of her family and she will be able to lead a healthy lifestyle.
Discussion
"Cognitive behavioural therapy" indicates talking therapy with people who are facing depression and anxiety. [Refer to Appendix 1]. As stated by Murphy et al. (2020), a wide range of mental health issues can be treated with CBT treatment. Generally, CBT is a preferred type of psychotherapy as it helps the psychotherapist to identify the problems in a very short time. CBT is helpful in addressing some emotional challenges. It manages the symptoms of mental illness. It is also helpful in reducing the symptoms of mental illness. As per the words of Furukawa et al. (2021), when medications are not in use as the treatment for mental illness, CBT is the correct option to treat the problems. During the sessions, the patient learns the ways of managing emotions and identifies several techniques that help stressful life them to in coping with their stressful life.
The patients overcome the entire emotional trauma associated with violence or abuse. The patient learns to cope with mental illness resulting from loss of grief. Mental illnesses such as phobia, depression, sleep disorder, anxiety disorder, eating disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, schizophrenia and bipolar disorder can be treated with CBT. The effects of this treatment are long-lasting. As a result, the practice of coping with the adverse situation will be practiced. This treatment is convenient also. If the patient is living in a distant place online counselling methods are provided easily. As per the words of Brotto et al. (2020), it can offer the treatment of different aspects of mental illness. CBT is also useful as it is affordable. This treatment can be pursued by people in low-income groups.
Types of cognitive behavioural therapy
CBT includes a wide range of approaches and techniques which agree the patient's thoughts, behaviour and emotions. Cognitive therapy: as per the words of Baglioni et al.(2020), Cognitive therapy relates to the identification of distorted or inaccurate emotional responses, behaviour and thought patterns.DBT or "dialectical behaviour therapy": It addresses disturbing or destructive thoughts and behaviour at the time of incorporation of treatment strategies like mindfulness and emotional regulations. According to the statement of Geschwind et al. (2019), multimodal therapy refers to psychological issues that have to be treated after addressing 7 different modalities such as affect, behaviour sensation, cognition, imagery, interpersonal factors and biological or drug consideration. REBT or Rational Emotive Behaviour Therapy includes the identification of irrational beliefs, challenging the beliefs actively and at last learning the techniques to recognize and challenge these thought patterns.
Techniques of cognitive behaviour therapy
CBT is not only about the identification of patterns of thought; it includes a number of strategies for helping people to overcome those thought patterns also. There are some examples of cognitive behaviour therapy. As per the words of Eilert et al. (2022), firstly, it is very important to know about the negative situations, feelings and thoughts that are associated with contributing to depression. Though this process is difficult for the patient who is suffering from mental problems, it will be helpful to them if they are identified with taking the required time. This can lead to the patient's self-recovery which plays a significant role in the treatment process. The patients of mental illness have to practice new skills regularly according to their talents and interests to make their mental health stable. These skills will be helpful in facing other situations in the real world. For example, the person has to deal with social situations that can result in further imbalance a proper solution of the situation is need to find out.
A person has to find out and engage him in those interesting things. This process will help them to gain positive power to cope with adverse situations. The setting of goals for the patients is important for their recovery from mental health issues. The therapist may recommend some goal-setting factors to the patients. This may include some specific, some measurable, some attainable, some relevant and some time-based goals. By maintaining focus on this process, there must be a positive outcome for the patients. If some situations are responsible for the negative impact on someone's mental health, the person has to follow several steps which may help them to come out of the mental illness. In order to do so the person has to identify the problematic reason first then he has to generate some potential solutions for the problems. The evaluation of the weakness and strengths of each and every potential solution is needed. The selection of the solution has to be according to their strength. The proper implementation of the solution has to be performed. Self-monitoring may be helpful for the patients as well as the therapist also. The patients have to share information about their experiences in their daily lifestyle at the time of treatment.
The benefits of cognitive behavioural therapy on the patient Emma
In this recent case study, Emma is spending a lot of time thinking about the past experiences of her life and she is considering herself responsible for all the problems. In this situation, she needs some professional support in order to make her feel motivated. According to Luo et al. (2020), the goal of CBT is to make her understand that the human cannot control all the aspects of the environment and life experiences but they can deal with the life experience and adverse situations. There is no reason to consider herself less worthy to her family due to some bad effects of the past events. CBT will help her with some key benefits such as it will help her in developing positive and healthy thought patterns after recognizing the thoughts that are disturbing her mental health. After a few sessions improvement of self-respect and confidence may be reflected in her behaviour. According to Lewis et al. (2019), as the therapy is associated with the face-to-face discussion the patient feels to be heard carefully by the therapist. It will help her to feel more demanded or cared for. She will feel that other persons without their family members are interested in them without fear of being judged though she thought to be judged by the people of the world. She is feeling guilty for those events that were not under her control.
This is the main cause of her low self-esteem. As she will start to believe in herself it will be her first step toward being cured. Studies have shown that people who experience an adverse situation and depression often locked themselves in their own world and cannot communicate with the outer world. Her mood will be managed during the treatment as she can show signs of disturbed mood. These sessions will be helpful in the improvement of her communication skill which will help her to come back to her daily lifestyle with confidence. There will be other life problems coming to her in the future. In this discussion, she will be understood that she has to deal with all the adverse situations instead of being stressed or depressed. In this communication program, she may find out her interest or talents she was unaware of. Her engagement with the things of her interest may help her to in avoiding negative situations. It will also be helpful in developing self-confidence and reducing the symptoms of schizoaffective disorder. At the time of treatment, she may practice meditation regularly as it will help her for the relaxation of the mind. With all the treatment she needs the support of her family, friends and relatives. They have to listen to her thoughts carefully. She has to be cared for during the treatment session as the ups and downs of her thoughts may occur.
The family members have to offer some interesting things which will make her feel supported. There should not be any argument about her disturbed mood. Instead of complaining about her ill mental health, the family members have to research the facts that are required to avoid her negative thoughts. They have to appreciate her for all the qualities of a good human being she possesses. She has to be understood that a small negative event cannot define her. They have to provide credit for her efforts to the family. They have to show respect to Emma as she deserves that. A feeling of being protected and respected may make her feel worthy of their family and friends. This type of care can treat depressed mood of Emma gradually.
Aspects of CBT
The therapy of Cognitive behavioural “CBT” combines therapy of cognitive with therapy of behaviour by the identification of the patterns of maladaptive of emotions, thinking, behaviours, or responses and restoring them with many patterns which have been desirable. In the case of Emma as she has been going through depression from the circumstances she has suffered a lot in her past days in which the therapy combines the therapy of behaviour with Emma by replacing her responses, behaviours, and emotions with the pattern of Emma which are more desirable. “CBT” mainly focuses on the change of negative thoughts automatically that can lead to and intensify emotional difficulties of an individual, anxiety, and depression of an individual (Bendig et al., 2022). These spontaneous thoughts which have been negative also have an influence of detrimental on an individual’s mood.
Likewise in the case of Emma, the “negative thoughts” of her has a very detrimental effect on her mood which made her go into depression in which the therapy for Emma makes her in changing the negative thoughts automatically by implementing her emotional difficulties as an individual, anxiety, and depression and thus changing her behaviours. By way of this therapy, the thoughts which are faulty can be challenged, identified, and replaced with “realistic thoughts” and more objective. In this way only in the case of Emma, “CBT” will challenge, identify, and replace the thoughts which are faulty with “realistic thoughts” and more objective.
Techniques of “Cognitive Behavioural Therapy”
The therapy of Cognitive behavioural “CBT” is about the identification of the thoughts of the pattern. It utilizes a broad range of planning in assisting an individual in overcoming the patterns of all the negative thoughts that the patient has been suffering from and in treating the patient in dealing with all the sufferings (Pierce et al., 2021). Like in the case of Emma, the therapy utilizes different aspects in the identification of the thoughts she has been going through and suffering a lot thus the therapy helps in removing all types of negative thoughts that she has been going through by utilizing the broad range of planning in removing all the negative thoughts which making her going through depression.
Identification of the negative thoughts
It is very much important in learning what feelings, thoughts, and situation has been contributing to “maladaptive behaviours”. The process of the identification of negative thoughts perhaps is difficult, nevertheless, mainly for an individual who fights with “introspection”. But taking so much time in the identification of the thoughts perhaps also guide to “self-discovery” and supply “insights” that are very much important to the process of the treatment (Lewis et al., 2019). Like in the case of Emma, different aspects of “CBT” in which the process of identification of the “negative thoughts” could be difficult but taking time in the process of the identification of the thoughts will give “insights” that are very much important to the process of treatment of the problem that she has been suffering from different behavioural changes which made her go into depression.
Practicing the new skill
In the therapy of “cognitive behaviour” an individual who is frequently taught the newest skills that perhaps be utilized in the situation of the “real world”. For example, taking the situation of Emma, with a “substance utilize disorder” perhaps practice the newest skills of coping and the ways of rehearse in avoiding or dealing with situations socially that could probably trigger “a relapse” in the condition of Emma in dealing or avoiding the situations she has been going through in which the situations can be possibly be triggered in order to teach the newest skills that perhaps be utilized by Emma in the condition of the situation of the “real world” and this will enhance her ability in dealing with the behavioural pattern of her while suffering from depression (Lewis et al., 2019).
Setting of Goal
The setting of goals perhaps is the most important step in the therapy of “cognitive behaviour” in the recovery of the “mental illness” of an individual, assisting the person in making the changes in improving the individual’s life and health (Taylor et al., 2020). During the course of the therapy of “cognitive behaviour”, a “therapist” can assist the person in building and strengthening the person’s skills in the setting of the goal. In the case of Emma, during the course of her “CBT,” the therapists could assist her in building the skills of the setting of the goal by strengthening it with different aspects of treatment indulge in “CBT”
Problem-Solving
Learning the skills of “problem-solving” during therapy of “cognitive behaviour” in which the therapy can assist the person in learning the identification and solving of the problems that might arise from the stressors of life, both “small and big” of the stressors of life (Nakao et al., 2019). The therapy can also assist in reducing the negative effect of the illness of “physical” and “psychological”. In the case of Emma learning the skills of “problem-solving” during the therapy can assist her in learning the solving of problems and identification of negative thoughts and thus assist in the reduction of the “negative effect” of different illnesses of her.
Self-Monitoring
“Self-Monitoring” has been considered one of the most important techniques of therapies of “cognitive-behavioural”. It indulges in tracking symptoms, behaviours, or experiences “over time” and encounters them with the individual’s therapist. “Self-Monitoring” can supply the individual therapist with the “information” they require in providing the treatment which has been best (Dalle et al., 2020). For example, in the case of Emma with having depression, “self-monitoring” may indulge in keeping track of her habits in addition to any type of feelings or thoughts of her and assist in treating her.
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Conclusion
The solving of the problem in the therapy of “cognitive behaviour” frequently indulges different steps which are as follows which include identification of the problem, generation of the list of the probable solutions, evaluation of the weakness and strength of each possible solution, choosing the solutions in the implementation process. These are the steps to indulge in the solving of the problem. Based on the evaluation of Emma, despite the drawbacks of CBT, it might be said that this therapy would be applicable for her.
References
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