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Human resource management is considered as approach or process that is used by business organization to manage peoples who are associated with organization. In approach of human resource management organization focused on the development of workforce. Main objective of human resource management is to improve performance of company in internal businessoperations(Strohmeier, 2020). This report is based on human resource management of Tesco Public Limited Company. Tesco PLC is United Kingdom-based Companythat was established in year 1919 by Jack Cohen in Hackney, United Kingdom. This report will provide brief overview of Human Resource Management in Tesco PLC. Purpose of human resource management will be analysed in report. Different roles and responsibilities of HRM functions will be evaluated in report. Different approaches of recruitment and selection will be evaluated in study. Advantages and disadvantages of different recruitment and selection approaches will be evaluated in report. Range of human resource management practices will be evaluated in report. Benefits of human resource management practices will be analysed for employer and employees of organization. Benefits of performance and reward management will be evaluated in report. Effectiveness of various HR practices will be evaluated in study. Different internal and external factors will be analysed in report that can affect the decision making process of company. Application of human resource practices will be analysed for work related context of company. Through this report, importance of human resource management will be analysed for business organization.
PURPOSE AND FUNCTION OF HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT IN ORGANIZATION
Purposes of HRM
Main purpose of human resource management is to develop effective coordination between the people of organization, improve workforce of company, and maintain employee satisfaction in organization(Collins, 2021). By focusing on the workforce of company, high performance standard can be developed in the workplace of company.
Major Benefits of HRM
There are different benefits of human resource management for business organization. In different ways, human resource management can help the organization to maintain business operations in target market.Major benefits of human resource management are-
Recruitment and Training
This is most difficult for human resource of company to find suitable candidate for the workforce of organization. Human resource management is most important aspect for hiring right candidate in the workforce of organization. Human resource management is also helpful to organize different training and development programs to meet the skill standards in the workforce of company(Ahammad, Glaister, and Gomes, 2020). Effective recruitment and training processes is important to meet the business objectives of Tesco PLC within time and develop an effective workforce for company.
Performance Management Strategy
This is the responsibility of human resource management to develop a performance management strategy for the workplace of the organization. It is important to maintain higher performance working standard in organization. To retain and improve the performance of the organization, range of practices are performed by the human resource department. These practices are helpful for organization to complete all business operations within time and improve the motivation level of employees(Anwar and Abdullah, 2021). This is how a performance management strategy that is developed by human resource of organization can help them to meet all business objectives within time.
Building Relationships
Human resource management is also important to develop effective relationship between employer and employees. This strong and effective relationship is important for better performance of company in target market. Effective relationship between employees and employer can help the organization to improve internal operations of company(Kianto, Sáenz, and Aramburu, 2017). This process helps the organization to fulfil moral values of employees that are important to maintain their confidence level in workplace and keep all employee motivated in organization. Human resource management can help the organization to develop effective workforce that is consists of motivated employees. It is directly related to the performance of organization in internal operations.
Conflict Management
Human resource management of organization is responsible for maintaining effective work practices in organization. It is their responsibility to develop various workplace policies to avoid conflicts in organization. It is also responsibility to perform conflict management in workplace. Conflicts within the workplace of organization are managed by human resource management of organization to develop effective relationship between employees of organization. It can help Tesco PLC to maintain higher performance standard in business operations.
Employee Retention
Maintaining proper workforce of a company is major role of human resource management in organization. Various operations and practices are performed by the human resource management of organization to retain skilled and experienced employees in the workforce of company(Mousa and Othman, 2020). Practices like workplace flexibility, competitive salary, employee motivation, additional benefits, and growth are provided to employee to retain them in workforce of company.
This is how human resource management is most important function of business organization like Tesco PLC. In different ways, human resource management is important for business organization.
Main Functions and Activities of HRM
Staffing
Staffing function is mainly related to management of the workforce of company. This is most important for the human resource management to hire eligible candidates in the workforce of company as per the need of organization. In this function requirement of workforce is analysed by the human resource management to complete all business operations within the time. In Staffing, process suitable candidates are hired by the human resource of organization according to their skill and specific job requirements(Pucik, Evans, and Björkman, 2017). It is process of acquiring, deploying, and retaining workforce of company to complete business operations within time with high accuracy. For staffing function, specific plan is developed by the human resource of company to meet all the staffing needs of organization within the time. This function of HRM can help the management of Tesco PLC to complete all business operations within the time.
PolicyDevelopment
Different policies are designed and implemented by the human resource department of the company to maintain effective practices in the workplace of company and develop effective culture in organization. Different workplace policies are developed by the human resource of organization to meet all ethical standards in workplace. All the policies are designed by HR department to provide solution for day-to-day problems and improve the decision making of organization. It also helps the management of organization to maintain effective practices in the workplace of company. Employment policy, Code of Conduct, Employment Wages, Leave policy, and Workplace Policy, are major policies that are developed by the human resource department of company to meet all ethical and legal requirement of the Tesco PLC.
Recruitment and Selection
Recruitment can be explained as process that is used by HR of company to identify open job positions in company, analysing job requirement for particular position, review job applications, screening of job applications, shortlisting candidates and selecting suitable candidate for open positions in company(Brewster, 2017). Recruitment and selection processes are performed by human resources of organization to meet the workforce-related needs of company.
Employee Welfare
This is also responsibility of human resource management to design and implement various practices in organization to maintain employee wellbeing and welfare in workplace. In this process, employees are provided with different facilities and benefits to ensure their wellbeing in organization.
Performance Appraisal
Performance management is a corporate management tool that can be used by the organization to monitor and access the performance of employees in organization. Main Objective of performance management practices to develop effective environment in workplace of company. In this process, HR department of company can focus on skill development and performance development as per the requirement of the company.
Training and Development
Training and development are considered as educational practices that are implemented by human resource department of company to improve knowledge and skills of employees. By working on training and development practices, overall performance of Tesco PLC can be improved.
STRENGTH AND WEAKNESSES OF DIFFERENT RECRUITMENT APPROACH OF HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT
Recruitment is most important process that is performed by the human resource management of organization to develop effective workforce of company. In Recruitment process, different approaches are used by human resource management of organization to hire suitable candidate for the workforce of company(Troth and Guest, 2020). Internal and external recruitment are two most common approaches are used by HR department of company.
Internal Recruitment
Internal recruitment can be explained as process of recruitment in which Human resource department of company looks for potential candidate within the existing workforce of company to fill vacant position in company. For example, promotions, Transfers, and employee referral can be considered as most effective and common approaches of internal recruitment to meet workforce requirement of company.
Advantages of Internal Recruitment
Major advantages of internal recruitment process are- Internal recruitment process can be considered as time saving process for business organization. In short, time, open position in organization can be fulfilled by the existing employee of company. Internal recruitment process also helps human resource department of company to pass on-boarding process which is time consuming in recruitment process. Cost of recruitment is also high for the organization and cost of internal recruitment process is very low(Meijerink and Keegan, 2019). It can help the organization to save money. It helps the organization to develop effective relationships with employees and maintain proper engagement with employees. These are major advantages of internal recruitment approach that is used by the human resource management of the organization.
Disadvantages of Internal Recruitment
There are some disadvantages of internal recruitment process that can affect performance of organization. Major Disadvantages of internal recruitment process are- This type of recruitment approach can develop negative environment in company and it also can affect the performance of organization in internal processes. Internal recruitment process leaves gap in the existing workforce of company. In the internal recruitment process, organization have only few options to fill vacant position. It also can create negative culture in organization and it also can develop inflexible culture in organization.
External Recruitment
External recruitment can be explained as process in which people outside the organization are considered to fill open position in company. This is most common approach that is used by the organization to hire suitable candidates.
Advantages of External Recruitment
There are different advantages of external recruitment process. External recruitment process can help the organization to get larger pool of candidates in recruitment process. This approach is effective to get fresh talent with unique and effective skills. It can help the organization to develop competition in the recruitment process(Bonache and Festing, 2020). External recruitment processes are fair and effective to hire suitable employees for workforce of company. Better growth opportunities are available in the external recruitment process.
Disadvantages of External Recruitment
There are some disadvantages of external recruitment process. Major disadvantages of external recruitment process are- Hired candidate have least information about the internal operations of company so it is important to implement on-boarding process to develop understanding about internal processes of company(Obedgiu, 2017). External recruitment is a time-consuming process and cost of external recruitment is also high as compared to the internal recruitment.
IMPORTANCE OF HRM PRACTICES FOR BOTH THE EMPLOYER AND EMPLOYEE
Benefits of Training and Development
Employer benefits for ‘Training and Development:
Training and development process can help employer to adopt new technologies and processes in business operations to maintain higher productivity in target market.
Training and development process also help employer to develop effective workforce in organization to maintain performance in internal operations.
With effective training, performance of employees can be improved and it can provide opportunity for the organization to maintain quality standard in business operations. It can help the employer to improve brand value in target market.
Employee benefits for ‘Training and Development:
It can improve the satisfaction level of employees in workplace.
Higher employee motivation also can be achieved with training and development process.
Training and development process also enables employees to learn about technical changes
It also can help the employees to develop skills and knowledge related to core processes in organization.
Benefits of ‘Job and Workplace Design’ for both employers and employees
Employer benefits for ‘Job and Workplace Design’:
It helps the employer to develop effectively structured workplace.
It is effective to maintain control over internal operations of organization.
This process help employer to effectively implement changes in workplace of organization.
Productivity of organization can be improved.
It is also effective to analyse requirements of the workplace to maintain quality in internal operations of organization.
Employee benefits for Job and Workplace Design
It is effective to improve the performance of employees in organization.
Growth and development can be ensured with better job and workplace design.
It provides opportunity for employees to be creative and innovative in workplace. It can improve the ability of employee to perform different tasks effectively.
Benefits of Workplace Flexibility for both employers and employees
Employer benefits for Workplace Flexibility
Workplace flexibility can help employer to motivate employees.
Higher productivity can be achieved with workplace flexibility.
It can help the employer to reduce stress level on employees and keep them satisfied.
Employee retention also can be performed with workplace flexibility.
It can help employer to improve image of organization in market place.
Employee benefits for Workplace Flexibility
Employees can maintain proper work life balance with flexible workplace.
Employees feel more productive in the workplace of company(Liu, Qingqing and Liu, 2021).
It provides more control to employees over their operations in organization.
Flexible workplace also can help employees to reduce stress of professional life.
It also helps employees to focus on physical and mental health.
Benefits of Performance and Rewards for both employers and employees
Employer benefits for Performance and Rewards
Performance and reward can help the employers to motivate employees.
Performance of employees can be improved with performance based reward system.
Overall performance of organization can be improved with this approach.
Loyal and effective relationships can be developed with employees.
Higher job satisfaction can be offered to the employees and it can help the employer in employee engagement processes.
Employee retention can be improved with
Employees can be encouraged to perform better in workplace.
It is also effective to develop positive environment in workplace of company.
Employee benefits for Performance and Rewards
Higher benefits can be earned with effective performance in organization.
Performance appraisal can help employee to get proper recognition on management level.
Financial and non-financial benefits can help employees to maintain stability with the particular job.
This process also can help the employees to grow in workplace.
Effectiveness of HRM Practices in Terms of Organisational Profit and Productivity
Hiring
Hiring is most important practice to meet the workforce requirement of the organization. Performance and profitability of organization are directly related to the effectiveness of hiring process. Effective hiring process can help the organization to develop effective workforce which is important to maintain quality standards in business operations. This can help organization to improve profitability in business operations
Training and Advance Development
Training and development processes are designed as per the requirement of the company. Training and development processes can help the organization to improve the performance of employees(Hoon, Hack, and Kellermanns, 2019). This can help organization to improve internal operations of organization. High skilled employees can help organization to meet performance standards and fulfil profit goals of organization.
Benefits and Rewards for Performance
In business organization, all the employees are provided with some additional benefits and performance based rewards to keep them motivated. This is also important to ensure employee wellbeing in workplace of company. Higher motivation and satisfaction level of employees is important to maintain performance in internal operations of organization. Higher employee motivation and satisfaction level can support management Tesco PLC to meet business objectives effectively and fulfil profit goals.
Promotion based on key performance indicators
Different performance indicators can be used by organization to evaluate performance of employees in workplace(Karami, Farokhzadian, and Foroughameri, 2017). Performance indicators can be considered by the human resource management of company to manage promotions in organization. This practice can help organization to encourage employees to improve their performance in workplace. This approach is effective to improve internal operations of organization and it can be effective to achieve profit goals and productivity.
Importance of Employee Relations in HRM Decision-Making
Employee Relation
Employee relation can be explained as efforts that are made by management and human resource management of organization to develop positive relationship with employees.
Importance of Employee Relation
In different ways, employee relation can be productive for business organization. Effective relationship can be developed to retain employee for long term in organization. Positive relation with employee can help organization to develop better environment in company(Stewart and Brown, 2019). Employee relation is also effective for employee motivation, improve revenue of organization, and reduce level of conflicts between employer and employees. This is how employee relationship must be considered by organization to maintain performance in internal and external operations.
Ways to Maintain Effective Employee Relation
Avoiding micromanaging can help human resource management to develop effective relationship with employees.
Maintaining regular communication can help organization to develop effective relationships with employees.
Employee engagement also can be considered an effective process to develop relationship with employees.
Considering employee wellbeing and development can be helpful to develop effective relationship with employees.
Strategies for Improving Employee Relations and Engagement
Different strategies can be used by human resource management to develop effective relationship with employees. Major strategies that can be used by the human resource management of organization are-
Developing conducive workculture can be effective to develop positive relationship with employees.
Regular employee engagement practices can be performed to maintain relationship with employees.
Employee recognition and regular team meetings can be performed to maintain employee relation in company.
KEY ELEMENTS OF EMPLOYMENT LEGISLATION AND THEIR IMPACT ON HRM DECISION-MAKING
Equality Act 2010
Equality Act 2010 was designed to protect people against different type of discrimination. This is one of most important act for the workplace of company. Equality act protects employees against discrimination which is based on race, religion, education, gender, age, sexual orientation, marriage, pregnancy, and family background. This is important for organization to align equality policy with Equality Act to avoid discrimination within the workplace of company(Fenech, Baguant, and Ivanov, 2019). This is also important to consider equality Act 2010 in decision-making process to keep workplace of organization free from different type of discrimination.
Equality act 2010 is most effective to develop better work culture in company. High social values can be developed in workplace. All employees can be provided with equal opportunities for development and growth in organization.
This is highly difficult to find relevant case study of Equality Act 2010 for organization. This is also complex to develop deep understanding of equality Act 2010. This is also difficult to monitor minor level in organization.
Influence of Equality Act 2010 is positive for Tesco PLC. It can help organization to develop positive and effective environment in workplace. This act also can help organization to maintain motivation level of employees.
Impact of equality act is crucial on the decision-making process of company. This is important for organization to consider various aspects of Equality Act 2010 to keep their actions legal. It improves the ability of organization to deal with
Data Protection Act 2018
Data protection act 2018 designed by the legal body of country to ensure effective use of information collected from different resources. Lawful use of information and maintain transparent use of information for specific and explicit purpose. This act protects organization and their stakeholders from issues related to data protection and data privacy.
Advantages of Data Protection Act 2018
This act protects organization and their stakeholders from issues related to data privacy and data security. It also helps the organization to protect valuable data and information.Data Protection Act 2018 also effective to protect copyrights and patents of the company.
Disadvantages of Data Protection Act 2018
This is complex process to maintain proper security and norms as per the standards considered in the data protection act 2018. Cost is also major aspects of data protection act. Cost of data protection is prohibitive. Process of implementing data protection act is also needed effective knowledge of legal factors associated with data protection act 2018.
Influence of Data Protection Act on Tesco PLC
Influence of Data protection act is beneficial for organization. This act can is effective to protect information and data of company which is important for company. It also influences on various practices of organization that are related to the management and transaction of information.
Influence of Data Protection Act 2018 on decision-making of company
In decision-making process Influence of Data, protection act is too high. This is important for the management and human resource management of company to effectively and precisely use information and data(Chaudhary, 2020). Different aspects related to data protection act must be considered in the decision making process.
Health and safety at Workplace 1974
Main concept of Health and safety at workplace Act 1974 is related to safety and health conditions in the workplace or organization.Health and safety at workplace 1974 act ensure the safety and health standards in the workplace of company.
Health and safety at workplace act 1974, is effective to ensure wellbeing and safety in the workplace of company. This act is also effective to ensure safety of employees in organization that can help organization to reduce employee turnover. Health and safety act is also effective to improve the reputation of organization in target market.
Health and safety act can impose some changes in the business plan of company and it can force the organization to implement some changes as per the legal requirement of the act. It can cause extra cost to implement changes in the structure of company and maintaining safety considerations in organization.
Influence of health and safety at workplace is directly related to all the operations of organization and this is important for organization to consider all elements of health and safety act to keep their operations safer and healthier for people in workplace of company.
In decision-making process role of health and safety at workplace, act is most crucial for organization.Organization needs to follow complete guidelines that are provided by government to ensure safety and health of employees in the workplace of company.
These are different legislations that must be considered by the organization to keep their actions legal. It can help organization to avoid legal action against the organization and maintain regularity in business operations.
ILLUSTRATE THE APPLICATION OF HRM PRACTICES IN A WORK-RELATED CONTEXT, USING SPECIFIC EXAMPLES
Provide a Rationale for the Application of Specific HRM Practices in a Work-Related Context
According to my experience as marketing manager in multinational organization, I have good experience in managing marketing operations of company. I have applied for this position of marketing manager in company because I have good experience of leading international marketing plan of company and I am suitable candidate to manage marketing operations of company
CONCLUSION
This report is concluding importance of human resource management for business organization. Purpose and functions of human resource have been analysed in report. Various practices of human resource management have been studied in report and importance of these practices has been evaluated in report. Different approaches of recruitment that are used by human resource management of organization have been evaluated in report. Different advantages and disadvantages of recruitment approaches have been evaluated in report. Various human resource practices have been evaluated in report that is most important for the business organization. Role of legislation and other business aspects also has been studied in report. Different practices of human resource management have been explained in study with help of examples.
References
Books and Journals
Ahammad, M.F., Glaister, K.W. and Gomes, E., 2020. Strategic agility and human resource management. Human Resource Management Review. 30(1). p.100700.
Anwar, G. and Abdullah, N.N., 2021. The impact of Human resource management practice on Organizational performance. International journal of Engineering, Business and Management (IJEBM). 5.
Bonache, J. and Festing, M., 2020. Research paradigms in international human resource management: An epistemological systematisation of the field.
Brewster, C., 2017. The integration of human resource management and corporate strategy. Policy and practice in European human resource management, pp.22-35.
Chaudhary, R., 2020. Green human resource management and employee green behavior: an empirical analysis. Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management. 27(2). pp.630-641.
Collins, C.J., 2021. Expanding the resource based view model of strategic human resource management. The International Journal of Human Resource Management. 32(2). pp.331-358.
Fenech, R., Baguant, P. and Ivanov, D., 2019. The changing role of human resource management in an era of digital transformation. Journal of Management Information and Decision Sciences. 22(2). pp.1-10.
Hoon, C., Hack, A. and Kellermanns, F.W., 2019. Advancing knowledge on human resource management in family firms: An introduction and integrative framework. German Journal of Human Resource Management. 33(3). pp.147-166.
Karami, A., Farokhzadian, J. and Foroughameri, G., 2017. Nurses’ professional competency and organizational commitment: Is it important for human resource management?. PloS one. 12(11). p.e0187863.
Kianto, A., Sáenz, J. and Aramburu, N., 2017. Knowledge-based human resource management practices, intellectual capital and innovation. Journal of Business Research. 81. pp.11-20.
Liu, P., Qingqing, W. and Liu, W., 2021. Enterprise human resource management platform based on FPGA and data mining. Microprocessors and Microsystems. 80.p.103330.
Meijerink, J. and Keegan, A., 2019. Conceptualizing human resource management in the gig economy. Journal of managerial psychology.
Mousa, S.K. and Othman, M., 2020. The impact of green human resource management practices on sustainable performance in healthcare organisations: A conceptual framework. Journal of Cleaner Production. 243.p.118595.
Obedgiu, V., 2017. Human resource management, historical perspectives, evolution and professional development. Journal of Management Development.
Pucik, V., Evans, P. and Björkman, I., 2017. The global challenge: International human resource management.
Stewart, G.L. and Brown, K.G., 2019. Human resource management. John Wiley & Sons.
Strohmeier, S., 2020. Digital human resource management: A conceptual clarification. German Journal of Human Resource Management. 34(3). pp.345-365.
Troth, A.C. and Guest, D.E., 2020. The case for psychology in human resource management research. Human Resource Management Journal. 30(1). pp.34-48.
