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Introduction - Strategies for Controlling Infectious Diseases Through Case-Control Studies and Epidemiological Research
1. Overview of the topic
Infectious diseases are one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality all over the world.
The control of the disease is mainly dependent on the represents the scientific approach.
The control of infectious diseases is a fundamental practice.
The spreading of the infectious disease is mainly based on the configuration of the infectious agents.
The chain of the infection represents the connection between the infectious agents and the transmission process.
The transmissibility of the infectious agent is completely dependent on the reproduction rate of the agents and their spreading rate.
The control of the infectious disease can only be done by restricting the spreading of the infectious agents.
Identification of thetransmission routes of the infectious agents is one of the main aims of the researcher, which will help them to find the solution to the existing infectious diseases.
One of the most common infectious diseases which are untreatable till now is
Various strategies and action plans are taken by Healthcare workers to control
2. Rationale for the study and Identification of the research gap
HIV is untreatable that is the reason it is still existing as one of the most infectious diseases on the market.
There are no antiretroviral drugs that are present on the market, which will be able to help in the control of this infectious disease (Dos Santos et al. 2019)
This research is not able to provide the proper idea about the mechanism of the HIV virus and its mechanism in the host cell.
The research is not able to provide sufficient data about the rate of the transfusion of the virus.
The necessary data about the possible and appropriate strategic planning to control HIV but the relation between this control and infection cannot be cleared from this poster (Adetokunboh et al. 2019).
3. Aim and Research questions
Aim
The aim of this project is to providepossible ideas and strategic planning against the spreading of
Spreading awareness among the people about the mechanism of the HIV virus and the transmission process is the main aim of this poster.
Research question
What are the possible strategies that can help to control HIV transfusion?
What are the possible ways to identify the transfusion path of HIV?
What are the possible ways to identify the symptoms of HIV?
4. Description and the Justification of research design
This case-control represents the retrospective study, which helps to find the risk-specific exposure (Chow et al. 2019).
The relation between exposure and outcome can be analysed with the help of this case-control study.
Identification of the various cases is properly justified with this research design.
The justification of the data will help to explain the effectiveness of the exposure in society and this will help the health workers to make4 the proper strategic planning against this infectious disease.
5. Methodology
The method, which is mainly used, for this case-control study is the experimental study.
The cause-effects study is mainly used as the method for this case-control
Deductive positivism philosophy is mainly used for this case-control study.
6. Epistemology
The concept of epistemology indicates the knowledge that deals with the knowledge.
This case-control is representing the infectious disease of HIV the gathering of knowledge about this infectious disease is the main aim of epistemology in this case-control study.
7. Research methods and sample
The research of this case-control study is experimental base.
The collection of the data is done with the help of different methods.
The collection of the sample is mainly done with the help of this random selection method (Mwatelah et al. 2019).
The sample will contain normal as well as HIV-infected people which will provide sufficient data about the sample.
The case control study is completely based on the experimental study which will help in the collection of the data from the random sample (Wolfe et al. 2018). The overview of the study is providing ideas about infectious diseases and possible ideas about the existing cases. For this case-control study, the chosen case in this research article is done on HIV (Stelzle et al. 2021). There are various amounts of transmission processes that are existing in a society. It helps the HIV virus is spreading in a huge amount. The aim of this research article is to provide possible ideas and strategies for a particular infectious disease that will help the health workers to make the proper control strategies that are beneficial for societies. The research questions are raising the possible fields in which further research can be done on this particular topic. Various kinds of methods can be used in the case-control study. The most appropriate strategy, which is used as the methodology for this particular case-control study, is the Experimental study, which is following the deductive positivismpsychology in this strategy. The cause and the effective strategy are also present under these methods, which help to establish the relation between the exposure and the possible outcomes of this case study. The description and the justification of the case study are mainly dealing with infectious diseases as well as with control. The justification behind this case-control study is to provide awareness against the HIV virus and the spreading of Aids in society (Young et al. 2018). To control a particular infectious disease proper interventions and strategic planning are necessary which will help the health workers to control the disease. The positive impact of the case-control study is very much effective in congestive areas where people don't have proper houses in the slums. This is the reason the effective case-control study helps to spread awareness about a particular disease which helps the population to grow the proper strategy against that particular disease. This is the reason the effective research on this topic will also help to modify the existing treatments, which are beneficial against AIDS. In the end, it can be concluded that case-control is very much necessary in the field of healthcare, which will help the population to build herd immunity against that particular infectious case study which will be beneficial for the health workers.
Reference
Adetokunboh, O.O., Ndwandwe, D., Awotiwon, A., Uthman, O.A. and Wiysonge, C.S., 2019. Vaccination among HIV-infected, HIV-exposed uninfected and HIV-uninfected children: a systematic review and meta-analysis of evidence related to vaccine efficacy and effectiveness. Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics, 15(11), pp.2578-2589.
Chow, E.P., Grulich, A.E. and Fairley, C.K., 2019. Epidemiology and prevention of sexually transmitted infections in men who have sex with men at risk of HIV. The lancet HIV, 6(6), pp.e396-e405.
Dos Santos, I.K., de Goes, C.J.D., de Oliveira, A.L.V., de Medeiros, J.A., Cobucci, R.N. and Dantas, P.M.S., 2019. A comparative analysis of physical fitness of children and adolescents with HIV infection: A systematic review protocol. Medicine, 98(49).
Mwatelah, R., McKinnon, L.R., Baxter, C., Abdool Karim, Q. and Abdool Karim, S.S., 2019. Mechanisms of sexually transmitted infection?induced inflammation in women: implications for HIV risk. Journal of the International AIDS Society, 22, p.e25346.
Stelzle, D., Tanaka, L.F., Lee, K.K., Khalil, A.I., Baussano, I., Shah, A.S., McAllister, D.A., Gottlieb, S.L., Klug, S.J., Winkler, A.S. and Bray, F., 2021. Estimates of the global burden of cervical cancer associated with HIV. The Lancet Global Health, 9(2), pp.e161-e169.
Wolfe, M., Kaur, M., Yates, T., Woodin, M. and Lantagne, D., 2018. A systematic review and meta-analysis of the association between water, sanitation, and hygiene exposures and cholera in case–control studies. The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene, 99(2), p.534.
Young, B., Sadarangani, S., Jiang, L., Wilder-Smith, A. and Chen, M.I.C., 2018. Duration of influenza vaccine effectiveness: a systematic review, meta-analysis, and meta-regression of test-negative design case-control studies. The Journal of infectious diseases, 217(5), pp.731-741.
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