Impact Of Work From Home On Uk Public Sector Workers Output

Impact Of Work From Home On Uk Public Sector Workers Output

1. Introduction - Impact Of Work From Home On Uk Public Sector Workers Output

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1.1 Title

Impact of work from home on UK public sector workers’ output

1.2 Research Problem

This research is going to focus on the effect of work from home facilities on the workers in the United Kingdom. Covid 19 pandemic has forced an increase in margin of work from home in the public sectors of this country. Several kinds of problems are being faced by the public sectors of this country due to huge work from home workers (Wanigasooriya et al. 2021). Public sectors are facing problems regarding efficiency of workers, communication problems and monitoring tasks of employees. Workers are also facing problems related to decreasing bonus amount, communication problems and submitting tasks within deadlines. Public sectors of this country are also facing different kinds of problems regarding the productivity of employees. As a result, the public sector of this country had to go towards a reduction of salaries and bonuses for the employees (Cui, Ding and Zhu, 2022). This research is going to find reasons for these problems and some recommendations are also going to be provided.

1.3 Research Aim

Implementation of proper research aims is an essential part of any research. In this aspect, researchers of this study are going to establish a proper aim of this research. This research will aim to determine the impact of work from home on UK public sector workers' output.

1.4 Research Objectives

Research objectives are essential to meet the aims of research. Researchers of this research are going to develop a few research objectives of this study. The research objectives will be as follows:

• To determine effect of work from a home facility on output of public sector workers in the UK
• To develop the impact of covid 19 pandemic on office work in public sectors in United Kingdom
• To recommend a few steps that can help public sectors to minimize problems regarding output of workers of UK public sectors

1.5 Research Questions

Development of research questions is also another essential step to meeting the objectives of any research. Researchers are going to establish the research questions. The research questions will be like:

• What are the effects of work from home facilities on output of public sector workers in UK?
• What are the impacts of covid 19 pandemic on office work in public sectors in United Kingdom?
• What kinds of steps can be recommended to minimize problems regarding output of workers in UK public sectors?

1.6 Research Limitation

This part has been added to identify the limitations that have been found during conducting this research. Sufficient books have not been published on this topic. Proper data on the increasing percentage of work from workers for covid 19 pandemic have not been provided in previous journals and articles (Borah Hazarika and Das, 2021). Several articles and journals require a particular amount of subscription to access. As a result, data and information from these journals and articles have been collected. Sufficient data from surveys have not been collected on this topic (Rasool et al. 2021). The basic reason behind this is that sufficient research and surveys have not been conducted on this topic.

1.7 Research Timetable

Serial No	Months	June 22				July 22				Aug 22
	Weeks	1	2	3	4	1	2	3	4	1	2	3	4
1	Submission of proposal
2	Introduction, aims and objectives
3	Literature Review
4	Research Designs
5	Data analysis
6	Findings and Analysis
7	Discussion
8	Conclusion and Recommendation

Table 1.1: Research Timetable

(Source: Self-developed)

As per the research timetable, this research is going to start in the first week of June this year and finish this research in last week of August. According to this timetable, the introduction part of this research is going to be finished within the first week of July this year. The literature review part will be finished within the 3rd week of July. Research design part will be finished within the second week of August. Data analysis and findings of this research will be finished within the third week of August 2022. The discussion and conclusion parts are going to be finished within the last week of August 2022.

2. Research Design

2.1 Research Philosophy

Implementation of proper research philosophy is one of the most important parts of research. In this aspect, researchers of this study are also going to adopt a proper research philosophy for this research. There are three different types of research philosophy that can be used for any kind of research (Head et al. 2021). These research philosophies are realism research philosophy, interpretivism research philosophy and positivism research philosophy. Researchers are going to implement a positivism research philosophy for this study.

Figure 2.1: Different types of research philosophies

(Source: Self-developed)

This research philosophy is going to help researchers in analyzing different factors in a quantitative manner. This research philosophy is going to help researchers to develop different assumptions that can help to analyze different aspects of this research (Hoffman, 2021). Comparison between different innovative ideas also can be done with the help of this research philosophy. This research philosophy will also allow researchers to find suitable ideas that can help to conduct this study adequately.

2.2 Research Epistemology

Implementation of proper research epistemology is also another essential part of any research. There are different kinds of research epistemology such as indicative and deductive research epistemology. Researchers will choose inductive research epistemology for this research (Blom et al. 2021). There are several reasons behind choosing this research epistemology.

Figure 2.2: Research Epistemology

(Source: Self-developed)

This research epistemology is going to help researchers to establish new hypotheses and ideas for this research. This research epistemology also can help researchers to analyze different aspects of this research with the help of innovative research works and practical viewpoints (Blanco-Donoso et al. 2021). This research epistemology will also allow researchers to conduct this study by taking sufficient time. Innovative research works will help researchers of this study to conduct this research adequately and analysis of different aspects of this research can be analyzed properly.

2.3 Research Methodology

Methodology is one of the most vital parts of conducting any research. It allows researchers to understand and consider different aspects that need to be considered for this research purpose (Craig, and Churchill, 2021). This allows researchers to consider proper approaches that need to be considered while collecting proper data and they can communicate with people appropriately, to minimise all challenges that may arise in between the research. A proper research design can be formed by following proper methodology and it will help them achieve their aims and objectives in a proper manner and within less time duration. A team of researchers will be able to collect data from their audience or from different journals and articles in a better way as a clear vision will be provided to them about the respective topic. Required data has been collected in a proper way now it must be analyzed systematically for better findings and analysis purposes, for better results and outcomes. To conduct the entire research systematically a proper methodology must be followed for easy conduction of projects to generate good results and outcomes.

Figure 2.3: Data source and Data collection process

(Source: Self-developed)

There are different types of methods by which data can be collected by a team of researchers for the completion of their project (Wirawan, Salam, and Faisal, 2021). The ways by which data can be collected are primarily qualitative and secondary qualitative and quantitative. In this research proposal, the team has followed primary qualitative and quantitative methods for the data collection process. In this research, they have performed an interview and a survey to collect appropriate data that will meet all their needs to achieve the research's aims and objectives. They have performed an interview with five people from a set of questionnaires that were prepared according to the need of this research. A survey was conducted by a team of researchers with a sample size of twenty people to get accurate and genuine results from these questions. Following both a primary qualitative and quantitative approach they have collected genuine data which will help them to get proper findings in their projects (Darouei, and Pluut, 2021). This type was chosen by them to know about the problems that were faced by them while working at home and also to gain knowledge about those difficulties and how they have managed them during that time.

2.4 Research Strategy

This is an action plan related to the topic of this research and which helps researchers and their team to complete their research. Proper knowledge is gathered which helps in efficiently conducting the research. It allows them to choose appropriate methods, approaches, design, data collection process, philosophy and many others, which help them to complete the task in a proper manner (De Fraja, Matheson, and Rockey, 2021). Following proper strategies helps them to get proper outcomes for this project and new ideas will be generated which will allow them to find better results and will help their observers. It provides researchers to follow a definite path, which will allow them to keep their focus on the aims of this research. This will allow them to organise and align all the work that needs to be done by them for easy conduction of this research. This will help them to attract more viewers to their projects, as by following these strategies. This allows the team to share all their responsibilities, as it is very important to complete the task in a systematic manner. Proper strategies help them to conduct the research in a disciplined way. As without proper discipline, the task will not be completed with proper findings, every team member will be associated with their own work, and no interaction will take place. Proper decisions will be taken by following proper strategies while conducting research, a lot of information and time are required for better findings and discussion. 

All the strengths and weaknesses can be measured by individual team members by following a proper research strategy. As conducting research is a time consuming process, it can be broken down into small tasks and progress of this research can be measured with help of these strategies (Drašler et al. 2021). Acknowledging all this progress will help in smooth working and allow them to complete their project in an easy manner. Different types of data collection processes are present that are being used by different researchers and following proper strategies helps them to choose the best data collection method that is required for their research purpose. Following good strategies, a team of researchers will use primarily qualitative and quantitative data sources to collect appropriate data. After the collection of data proper analysis will be done which will ensure the future scope of this research on Impact of work from home on UK public sector workers' output.

3. Literature Review

3.1 Challenges faced by organizations due to work from home outputs in Public sector

It is seen that employees are taking more time than their allocated time to complete their projects and work. This is mainly because they were in their homes and they were not having any type of work pressure in their homes (Carillo et al. 2021). Workplace has been a major factor in this thing as because of this pandemic all companies have shifted their office work to work from home. It was a serious problem for employees because many of them were facing network-related issues and in some places, employees were unable to work properly because of load shedding in their places. This is the reason companies were not getting their projects in time and this has resulted in them a delay to deliver the products to their clients.

3.2 Effect of work from a home facility on the output of public sector workers in UK

Figure 3.1: Biggest Struggles while working remotely

(Source: Shrm.org, 2022)

Many problems are arising because people were facing some issues related to internet connectivity and this has revoked them to work. Moreover, it is seen that employees were not being able to work in the same way that they work in their offices. It is seen that employees were not being able to complete their work in the allocated time and they are staying log-in till late hours to complete their work. It is seen that many places and people who are having the lowest incomes were facing some problems in their daily life (Bundervoet, Dávalos and Garcia, 2022). It is noted that around 7.6 million, which is coming to around 24% of workforce of UK, were at a stake at times of Covid-19 lockdowns. Dramatic measures with different changes were noted for changes in economy. According to reports, it is said that all public sectors started to close from the first week of April and they have shifted their work from their own homes.

3.3 Impact of covid 19 pandemic on office work in public sectors in the United Kingdom

Figure 3.2: Jobs at Risk at the time of a pandemic

(Source: Mckinsey.com, 2022)

It is evident from the above graph that all people were on the verge of losing their jobs and they were not getting any type of support from the public sector. It was at that time that they became fully inactive and they were not able to work in a proper way. They had a huge hike in the number of employees at that time, as small employment power was not being able to work in a proper way (Buli?ska-Stangrecka and Bagie?ska, 2021). They were not able to fulfil the demands of people and as a result, of that, there was an increase in employees in the month of December 2020 by 0.5%. This 0.5% has estimated to a number of around 30,000 employees. They wanted this hike to fulfil the demands of people and this will help them to give proper treatment to all people. This will help them to be safe from every type of pandemic and this will help the citizens of UK to lead a normal life.

3.4 Theoretical Perspective

The theory, which is related to productivity among the employees, is known as the goal-setting theory. This goal-setting theory has suggested that organisations set some goals for the employees that are sometimes very tough to implement. These goals are set for the employees so that they can give some productive results in the future (Brancaccio et al. 2021). Organisations receive help due to this theory and they can even get a good amount of profit and get a good grab in marketplaces. It does not lead to increase in production when these goals are left alone and are left unattempted by employees. It mainly requires collaboration of work among different teams and commitment to finish that work on time (Escudero-Castillo, Mato-Díaz and Rodriguez-Alvarez, 2021). This will make the employees make some sense of time and this will reduce the delay of deliberation of projects or products in their daily life.

3.5 Relevance of Selected Literature to the research project

Author	Country	Aim	Result
1. De Fraja et al. 2021	United States of America	Consequences of the local labour market while working at home	The local markets were closed most of the time during this pandemic
2. Koch, Plattfaut and Kregel, 2021	Germany	Impact of Public Sector job openings due to this pandemic	There were a majority of people losing their jobs at the time of pandemic
3. Vyas and Butakhieo, 2021	Hong Kong	Working on different domains at the time of pandemic	New domains were not being learnt by the employees during the time of pandemic
4. Yamamura and Tsustsui, 2021	Japan	Impact on students studying from their home as the schools were closed	Students were not getting an environment to study and they were not being familiar with the online classes
5. Stoker, Garretsen and Lammers	UK, USA and Germany	Different changes in the behaviours of leaders	Employees were sitting at their home and they were not communicating in a proper way.
6. Georgiadou, Mouzakitis and Askounis, 2021.	United Kingdom	Assessment survey on the culture based on cyber security	Different types of surveys will be taken place so that the security remains intact
7. Bonacini, Gallo and Scicchitano, 2021	United States of America	Inequality in the procedure of income and working from home	Payments were not given in a proper way and employees were kept on hold for a longer duration for their payments due to this pandemic.
8. Galanti et al. 2021	United Kingdom	Conflict with professional and personal life	There have been problems where employees have got a conflict between their social and work life.

Table 3.1: Relevant sources taken for conducting a literature review

(Source: Self-Developed)

It is concluded from the above table about various problems that has taken a rise during the Covid-19 in the field of public sectors of UK. Unemployment in jobs to not having a proper balance between the social and professional life is mentioned in the table. Various authors have mentioned various aspects related to the pandemic and the results have been mentioned after this pandemic.

4. Conclusion

It is concluded from this report that there were no words that were taking place from public sectors during this pandemic. This has brought a big impact on normal people as they were not able to go out and they were not getting any help. People needed this help at times because that will help them to lead a normal life at tough times. Moreover, it is said that governments were not being able to perform their jobs in the right way as there not allowed to come into office and have to work from their homes. It was a new step for every people as they were not habituated to this issue and they were not being able to convey any help to their customers. In this research, all those problems that were faced are discussed along with the aims of this research. In this research, the chosen philosophy is positivism research philosophy and the method by which collection of data has been done is primarily qualitative and quantitative.

A proper data has been collected by them, but they have faced a lot of problems by following this data collection method. As after the pandemic, most people are working from their homes and are not entertaining any kind of engagement with strangers. They must have followed a secondary approach to conduct their research by consulting different types of journals and articles, which could have provided them with better results and ideas regarding the topic of their research. By following this method, they may have analysed those collected data by performing different analyses like thematic and statistical analysis. All those objectives of this research have been met in different parts of this research (Gibbs, Mengel and Siemroth, 2021). First objectives of this research have been met on 3.4 of Literature review. Second topic of this research has been met and discussed briefly in the 3.3 part of literature review, and the last objective has been met in the literature review section of this research.

Reference

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