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Effective care of a person may include health care as well as social care. Hence, this is very important for the person to live a healthy and peaceful life. According to who.int (2022), quality care helps to increase the quality of health-related services to the individual and the society. Several factors like good communication, good behaviour, and body language are very important for effective care. Hence, Briani, et al. (2018), it can be said that effective care refers to the strategies that are developed by the healthcare specialists to provide the best healthcare service to the patients especially those with certain health conditions. Effective health care service is very helpful in effectively reducing the risk of the patients and besides, it is very cost and time-efficient. However, there are several challenges that can be faced by their health care service providers in order to provide effective health care. However, besides medical institutions, effective care can be provided in educational and sports institutions.
Factors essential for quality of life (QoL) of an individual
The concept of quality of life is not objective. According to ec.europa.eu, (2022) quality of life may vary from person to person. However, several factors may have an impact on the quality of living of an individual. Those factors may include the satisfaction of an individual's job, family life of a person, financial security, health, and safety of the person, education and so on. However, it can be said that both social and physical health and satisfaction are very important for a healthy and quality life.
Discussion of essential factors
Factors that have a positive impact on the quality of life have been discussed below,
Health: according to who.int (2022), health refers to the physical, mental, and social well-being of a person. Hence, it can be said that social well-being is also very important for a healthy life of a person. This is probably the most important factor for quality living. Poor health can affect the health of a person as well as their social life. Hence, it can be said that mental or physical health must have an impact on the quality of life. The health of a person may limit him in several factors of life. Living an unhealthy life is one of the most important factors that affect the quality of life. Hence, according to nhs.uk, (2022), unhealthy behaviour may include smoking, consumption of alcohol, excessive consumption of junk foods and many more.
Education: education is highly related to the quality of living. Sometimes, there is a direct connection between educations with the economy of the family. Hence, this is a very important factor to determine the “quality of life”. Persons with limited and lower skills and education may face difficulties to get a proper job. Hence, this may affect the family income of the person. Besides, according to Polack, et al. (2018) an educated person has the knowledge to live life more efficiently. Hence, it can be said that education may bring more opportunities to live a quality life. Besides, education is very important to make self-identification in society.
Social interactions: humans are social animals. They cannot live alone. Hence, the impact of social relations and activities of a person cannot be denied. The social interactions of the people may include both a leisure activity and other essential social relations. Both are equally important for living a quality life. Social interactions and activities are very important for getting social support from others. Several studies indicate that without proper social interaction living life for a person is very difficult. People may have several problems that can affect their quality of life. However, factors that can affect the quality of life may include loneliness, financial problems, physical inability and many more. These problems can be solved with the help of sociality and social interactions (GermainAballéa & Toumi, 2019). Community-based interactions are the most important solution to overcome loneliness. In the case of physical inability, support from society is very important.
Safety: safety can be of two types, economic safety, and physical safety. The government has a huge responsibility to ensure physical safety. Police and other departments for defence and safety are very important to ensure the physical safety of the people. Hence, there is a difference between physical safety and health care services. However, on the other hand, economic safety may include the opportunity for income. The opportunity for income also highly depends on the government. Besides, financial management is also very important for economic safety (Acar, et al. 2019). Hence, it can be said that it is very important to avoid sudden financial crises for a person and their family.
Environment: environment may include living and the natural environment. Pollution in the natural environment may affect the quality of life of a person. It may include air, water, noise, and other pollutants. This problem can be seen more in the urban areas. Due to pollution of the natural environment, several health problems can be seen among the people, this may hamper the quality of their lives. The effect of these pollutants can be subjective as well as determined by their government. Hence, it can be said that an individual may face problems with those pollutants that are within the restrictions of the government. On the other hand, the living environment of a person may include the house and the family. The environment of the family is very important for the healthy living of a person. A poor home environment is harmful to physical as well as mental health.
Basic rights: this depends on the governance. The government should take care of the basic rights of every person in the country. The government should not be biased. Equal rights should be provided to the people irrespective of gender, race, economic group and other factors.
Job satisfaction: every person has to do a job for the basic earnings and lead a life. However, job satisfaction is very important for the quality of living. If the person is not satisfied with the job, he or she may face many problems. Mental stress is one of the most important problems related to unsatisfied jobs. There are several factors, which are related to positive job satisfaction (ec.europa.eu, 2022). These are the role of the person, the goal of the organization, appraisal, and rewards and so on. Besides, several other factors of the work environment can play a very important role, such as working hours, payment, safety and many more.
Challenges to measure high QoL
Measurement of “quality of life” is not easy. There are several challenges faced by the researchers to measure it, those are as follows,
Subjectivity: According to WHO, Quality of life is not the objective. This depends on the individual perspective. However, in this case, the culture, and values of the person may have an impact. Besides, life expectations, goals, and needs are different for different people. It can be said that good and bad quality of life may vary from person to person. Hence, it becomes very difficult to measure “quality of life” for the researchers.
Fluctuation of “Quality of Life”: QoL is not constant. This may change from time to time. This mostly depends on the satisfaction of living the life of an individual or a population. However, according to Tambe, Cappelli & Yakubovich, (2019), this satisfaction may change from time to time. Hence, the previously measured “Quality of Life” may not be applicable after some years. Hence, it needs frequent measurement.
“Influence of Timing”: this measurement is completely based on the responses of the people. It is observed that responses to the same quotations may vary from time to time. The research participants may not stick to their answers. This is one of the factors, which may have influenced the QoL measurement. Hence, it becomes very difficult for the researchers to measure QoL.
Recalling: It is one of the major factors in responses to the answers of the researchers. However, sometimes in the case of old memories, the research participants fail to recall and answer them properly (Hall, et al. 2020). This may affect the results of the researcher. It is the responsibility of the researcher to have the correct information for the participants. Researchers should make sure that the participants are providing the correct information.
Different Approaches of Questionnaires: Questionnaires are one of the ways of collecting data to erase QoL. However, different approaches in the Questionnaires may result in different responses from the research participants.
Six caring techniques
There are six Cs in caring techniques (bettal.co.uk, (2022). These are,
Care: this can be the most important factor for caring techniques. This is very important for a person as well as the whole community to provide a healthy life. People need care throughout their life. The carer may include healthcare specialists, family members, social services, and others. Care is very important to fulfilling needs in every stage of life. Hence, care may refer to both physical and social care of a person.
Compassion: this is highly based on empathy. Hence, care giving depends on this. Besides, empathy, dignity, and respect are also very important for providing care to an individual. This can be referred to as “intelligent kindness”. Intelligence in the aspect of kindness is very important (Kirk & Rifkin, 2020). This may determine the quality of care. Hence, the carer must be empathetic while providing care to a person.
Competence: it means, the caring aspects of an individual must fulfil the social and health needs. Technical knowledge and clinical skills are very important for the carer. The treatment must be based on proper research and evidence. Hence, as per england.nhs.uk, (2022) it can be said that evidence-based practices are very important for health care services. This can be very helpful for proper physical and social support of the individuals.
Communication: this can be considered one of the most important factors for proper care giving. Care giving depends on several factors. This is a collective process of several persons. Hence, communication among the people is very important. Besides, listening to the person whom you care for can also be very important (who.int, 2022). Proper Communication can be very helpful to provide proper care. It can be said that good communication may lead to a better workplace.
Courage: This is very important for providing care. Providing g care is not very easy, this needs strength and courage. This provides strength to find new ways of caring. This is also very important for innovations in the caring process. Courage provides the strength of speaking up. However, it can be said that without courage, proper care-giving is not possible.
Commitment: Commitment to providing health and social care is very important. If the caregiver is committed to the society to provide the best services, the quality of care can be increased. This is also very helpful to overcome the challenges faced by the carer. Hence, in other words, this provides the strengths for the caregiver to make a healthy society.
Constraints impose to provide positive care
Several limitations or challenges of providing positive care to the patients may include,
Generalized Recommendation: The recommendations from the healthcare service providers cannot be equally applicable to every patient. Hence, the health care service providers may have to critically analyse the condition of individual patients and provide recommendations accordingly (Kirk & Rifkin, 2020). In this case, providing recommendations based on the experience may not be effective every time (assets.publishing.service.gov.uk, 2022). Evidence-based practice can play a very important role in this case.
Privatization: An increase in the number of private healthcare companies can be another barrier to providing healthcare services. Hence, privation in healthcare industries can be very harmful to providing quality care to every person (bbc.com, 2022). People with lower income cannot afford to have health care facilities from the private healthcare centres.
Convincing people: many people may not accept that they are having some physical or mental problems. However, in the case of mental health care, the case is worse. If the people do not accept that they are having a problem, they might not agree to take treatment from the health care service providers. Hence, convincing those people is very important.
Cultural differences: cultural differences are one of the most important barriers in the case of health care services. For example, in the UK, many people belonging to different cultural backgrounds live side by side. However, according to Elera-Fitzcarrald, et al. (2018) in terms of health care services, the culture of the patient and the family member can be problematic. Health care staff must convince the patent and family to obey the recommendations provided by them. Besides, the health care service providers must not be based on religion, race, language and other cultural factors. They must treat all the patients equally.
Language: communication is one of the most important factors of health care services. In the UK, there are many people, whose native language is not English. In these cases, both service providers and the patients may face problems communicating. Service providers cannot understand the exact problem of the patient and on the other hand, the patient and the family cannot understand the recommendations provided by the health care specialists.
“Leadership”: Leadership is the most important factor for health care services. There are many departments in health care services that, work together to provide the best services. However, according to Polack, et al. (2018) in this case, communication across all the departments of the organisation is very important. In order to maintain the service properly, it is very important to have a proper leader. If the leadership skill of a healthcare organization is weak, no department can do its job properly and hence, the quality of the treatment will be decreased.
“Lack of staff”: If the number of healthcare staff is low, the quality of staff will be decreased accordingly. According to many studies, a high nurse-to-patient ratio is a reason for a decrease in the quality of healthcare services. Hence, the number of patients per health care staff must be reduced.
Conclusion
Effective care refers to the intensive care of physical, mental, and social aspects. This is very important for maintaining the “quality of life.” There are several factors that may have an impact on “quality of life”, which are, job satisfaction, natural and living environment, health, physical and social safety, education, social interaction, basic rights provided by the governments and so on. However, measuring “quality of life” is not easy. The researchers have to face several challenges to measure it, those are, Subjectivity, Fluctuation of “Quality of Life,” “Influence of Timing” and many more. Six basic factors are very important for the health care services. Those are as follows, Care, Competence, Compassion, Communication, Commitment, and Courage. However, there are some challenges faced by the health care service providers, which may include, generalised recommendations of treatment for the same disease, Privatisation of health care centres, Cultural differences among the patients and healthcare staff, language barriers, lack of proper leadership in the organisations and many more. However, it can be said that the above-mentioned challenges must be overcome to provide a proper health care service and providing a quality of life.
References:
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