Java-Based Library Management System: Design, Code, and Features Case Study

Key Methods and Code Implementation of a Library System in Java

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Introduction

A book library management system is an important tool for managing and organizing books in a library. It makes it possible for patrons of libraries to search for and acquire books by assisting curators in keeping track of every book in their collection and making them accessible. In the ongoing circumstance, a book library constructed utilizing Java could be viable. Java is a great choice for creating such systems due to its robust object-oriented programming language and extensive library support.

In order to represent libraries and books in the Java implementation of a book library management system for this project, we developed a Book class and a Library class. The researcher will learn how to add and borrow books, search for books by author's last , and print all of the books in the library in the Library class. Customers will undoubtedly be able to locate and purchase books through this framework, and administrators will be able to manage their stock and keep track of purchases. The use of Java in the book library management system demonstrates the strength and adaptability of the language when creating useful applications.

Discussion

Task 1: Book Class

1.1 Book class implementation

Figure 1: Book class implementation

The code defines a constructor for the Book class that takes a single String parameter d bookData. The constructor splits the input String into an array of substrings using the comma (',') delimiter. The substrings are then assigned to the appropriate class variables, such as title, author, and datePublished. The boolean variable borrowed is set to false since the book is assumed to be available when it is first added to the library. Finally, the bookIDCode is generated using the generateCode() method defined within the class (J Eck, 2021). This constructor enables the creation of a new Book object with its key attributes assigned at initialization, making it easier to manage and track books within the library.

1.2 getAuthorLastName() method

Figure 2: getAuthorLastName() method

The code illustrates a method d getAuthorLastName() that returns the last of the book author. The method first breaks the author string into an array of substrings utilizing an empty string as a delimiter. This results in each character of the being feted as a separate substring. The resultant array is then accessed operating the index of the last element, which resembles the last of the author since it is considered that all s have at least two parts (first and last ). The last is then returned as a String (Weintrop, and Wilensky, 2019). This method is valuable in scenarios where it is essential to extract the last of the author for searching, sorting, or displaying intents.

1.3 generateCode() method

Figure 3: generateCode() method

The generateCode() method takes the author's and publication date of a book and generates a unique book ID code based on certain rules.

First, the method breaks the author's into components utilizing the space character as a delimiter. It then determines the last part of the author's as the last . Following, it removes the last two characters of the publication date. When the last has at least two characters, it is then checked. If so, it selects the first two characters of the last as the book code's opening two characters. If it doesn't, it adds a X to the string after the last to choose the first two characters (Lucas et al. 2019). The final output of the programme concatenates the book code's first and last uppercase characters to get the book ID code.

1.4 toString() method

Figure 4: toString() method

This code is an overridden method toString() of the Book class that returns a formatted String. The method first inspects if the book is borrowed or not by limiting the value of the boolean variable borrowed. If the value is true, then the borrowedStatus String variable is set to TRUE, otherwise, it is set to FALSE. The method then returns a String that comprises the book ID code, author , book title, publication date, and the borrowed status. The book ID code is received by calling the generateCode() method, which yields a four-character book code established on the author's last and the last two characters of the publication date. The method connects all the required information using the + operator and returns the final String in the following format: bookIDCode: author, title, datePublished, Borrowed: borrowedStatus.

Task 2: Library Class

2.1 Library() class

Figure 5: Library() class

In the constructor, a brand-new ArrayList instance is created using the ArrayList library. After that, access is granted to the array of String objects in the static final field books of the Book class. To add a new object of Book to the implemented library of the ArrayList for each book in the array, a for-each loop is being utilized here (Zhou and Yuan, 2020). Whenever the user created a new instance of the Library class, all of the books in the books array of the Books class will be included automatically.

2.2 booksInLibrary() method

The code above is executed to access the ArrayList and to call the size() method. It will return the number of elements present in the ArrayList. Here it will return the specific number of books present in the library (Din and Fazla, 2021). A total number of books that exists currently in the library will be returned by executing this code.

2.3 addBook() method

To complete the addBook method, the following steps need to be taken:

• Create a new Book object using the bookData parameter.
• Add the new Book object to the library ArrayList.

This code creates a new Book object using the bookData parameter and then adds it to the ArrayList library using the add method.

2.4 printAll() method

A for-each loop that iterates over the library's ArrayList and calls the function function toString() method on each Book object can be used to show every book in the collection. To obtain a string representation of each Book object in the library's ArrayList, this method calls the function toString() method on each object (Mannan and Anugrah, 2020). The System.out.println() function of the operating system is then used to print this string representation to the console.

2.5 findBookByAuthorLastName() method

The getAuthorLastName() function of the Book class iterates over the ArrayList of books to locate a book in the library by searching for the author's last . The function returns the book's index in the ArrayList if the author's last matches the lastName parameter. The code gives -1 if there are no matches (Singh et al. 2019). It should be observed that this code does not utilize the == administrator but rather the equivalents() method to make strings look like strings.

2.6 borrowBookByAuthor() method

This method first calls the findBookByAuthorLastName method to find the index of the book with the matching author's last . If the book is not found, it prints out a message saying so. If the book is found, it checks if it has already been borrowed by checking the borrowed field of the Book object. If it has been borrowed, it prints out a message saying so. Otherwise, it sets the borrowed field to true and prints out a message confirming that the book has been borrowed.

Task 3: Code Quality

3.1 Comments

Including comments, while writing code is a critical practice that makes it easier to comprehend, maintain, and debug. It also constructs the code more readable for other developers who may require to work with it. This implementation of the library management system also has precise comments according to the requirements.

The above image shows the output produced by executing the implemented program for the library management system. Here the books present in a specific library are shown with their details (Zhang et al. 2021). The book details consist of the author's , year, and book id, if borrowed or not. The total number of libraries is also shown which is 30.

3.2 Style

The style which are necessary for implementing an efficient and reliable library management system in Java are mentioned below:

• Class s should begin with a capital letter and utilize camel case (e.g. Library, Book).
• Method s should begin with a lowercase letter and utilize camel case (e.g. addBook(), booksInLibrary()).
• Variable s should start with a lowercase letter and use camel case (e.g. library, bookData).
• Constant s should be in all uppercase letters with underscores between words (e.g. MAX_NUM_BOOKS).
• Comments should use the Javadoc style with /** at the beginning and */ at the end and should describe the purpose and behavior of the method or class.

This procedure for writing precise and understandable code is followed here.

3.3 Advanced Java skills

A few examples of advanced Java code that could be used in this library management system are as follows:

Graphical User Interface (GUI)

The library management system can be made with Graphical UI (GUI) libraries like JavaFX or Swing. Providing a more routine and intuitive place for participation can improve the customer experience.

Database integration

A database can simultaneously store books, loans, and transactions. The framework's adaptability and efficiency could be enhanced as a result of this.

Authentication and authorization

By utilizing advanced authentication and authorization procedures, it is feasible to ensure that only authorized users will be able to access the system and carry out specific operations.

Multi-threading

By permitting several users to use the system concurrently, multi-threading can be employed to enhance performance.

Integration with external systems

Adaptation to different frameworks The framework can be coupled with other frameworks to offer extra features and services, like advanced libraries, online bookstores, and other frameworks for executive libraries.

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Conclusion

In conclusion, the implementation of a book library management system in Java can greatly improve the organization and efficiency of a library. By using object-oriented programming principles and the ArrayList data structure, we can create a system that allows for easy addition, removal, and search of books based on various criteria. In this particular implementation, a Library class is created that contains methods for adding books, printing all books, finding books by author's last , and borrowing books. The Book class represents an individual book and contains relevant information such as title, author, and borrowed status. Furthermore, by following Java naming and style conventions and using meaningful comments, we can ensure that the code is easily understandable and maintainable.

Overall, the book library management system implemented in Java provides a solid foundation for further improvements and customization based on the specific needs of a library.

References

Journal

J Eck, D., 2021. Introduction to programming using Java. Hobart and William Smith Colleges.

Weintrop, D. and Wilensky, U., 2019. Transitioning from introductory block-based and text-based environments to professional programming languages in high school computer science classrooms. Computers & Education, 142, p.103646.

Lucas, W., Bonifácio, R., Canedo, E.D., Marcílio, D. and Lima, F., 2019, September. Does the introduction of lambda expressions improve the comprehension of java programs?. In Proceedings of the XXXIII Brazilian Symposium on Software Engineering (pp. 187-196).

Zhou, K. and Yuan, Y., 2020. A smart ammunition library management system based on raspberry pie. Procedia Computer Science, 166, pp.165-169.

Din, M.M. and Fazla, A.F., 2021, March. Integration of Web-Based and Mobile Application with QR Code implementation for the library management system. In Journal of Physics: Conference Series (Vol. 1860, No. 1, p. 012018). IOP Publishing.

Mannan, E.F. and Anugrah, E., 2020. Village library capacity building for community empowerment: A case study in east Java, Indonesia. Library Philosophy and Practice, 4552, pp.1-13.

Singh, M., Verma, A., Parasher, A., Chauhan, N. and Budhiraja, G., 2019. Implementation of database using python flask framework. International Journal of Engineering and Computer Science, 8(12), pp.24890-24893.

Zhang, H., Anilkumar, A., Fredrikson, M. and Agarwal, Y., 2021, August. Capture: Centralized library management for heterogeneous iot devices. In 30th USENIX Security Symposium (USENIX Security 21).