INTRODUCTION - Smart Technologies In Healthcare And Daily Life
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1. Smart home technology
Figure 1: list of Smart home technology
Surveillance Cameras: these cameras ensure the security of the home. Remote monitoring is possible with these security cameras. An alert is sent by this device if any family member, especially children walk by, sending the name of the family members to the selected smartphone. Hence, it ensures the safety of the family members. It also has a facility to alert, if any stranger enters the house. Hence, according to Nikou, (2019), with the help of this device, one can keep an eye on the home when the person is away from home.
“Smart Door Locks”: this technology focused on security and connectivity. These door locks can be used without the keys. In these locks, besides a security code, the owner can use apps on smartphones and biometrics to access. However, this lock has a facility to allow some selected people to unlock the door. This lock has the facility to allow a particular person to unlock the door at a particular time. Besides, this is also very helpful for the guest by creating virtual keys.
“Smart Home Sensors”: the most common type of sensor is the motion sensor. This is very helpful to turn the light on automatically when the person enters the room. However, the light is turned off in the morning automatically (Maswadi, et al. 2020). This is very helpful to save electricity. Besides, sensors are also important for being alerted if any trespassers come into the house.
“Garage Door Openers”: sometimes opening heavyweight garage doors is very difficult, especially for old people. Smart devices are important to solve this problem. With the help of smart technology, one can open and close the door of the garage with the help of a smartphone.
“Smart Voice Recognition”: with the help of this technology, people can use their voices to activate electronic devices. These smart electronic devices can recognize the voice of a selected person. Hence, according to Del, et al. (2020), life becomes easier if one can use their voice to control the smart devices, for example, turning on light, fan, AC and so on.
2. Smart cities technology
Figure 2: Smart cities technology
Smart transportation: smart monitoring of traffic is very helpful to manage traffic easily. The traffic lights are smart and have cameras. This is very helpful to monitor traffic and thus helps to indicate the traffic light.
With the4 help of smart technology, people can track the real-time location of different transports on their smartphones. This is very helpful for people to travel easily.
CCTV: CCTV cameras with modern technology can be helpful for security purposes. These CCTV cameras have sensors that can alert if there is a problem going on. This is very helpful to reduce the rate of crime in the city area (Nelson and Allen, 2018).
Weather report: weather reports can be displayed on giant screens beside the roads. It is very important for the traveller to have knowledge about the weather; hence, this can be very helpful for the travellers.
Smart data: a huge amount of data from the smart city must be analysed. This is a time taking process. However, data collected from the smart cities are uploaded to an online open portal. Hence, a large number of people have access to this data. However, this is a very important and easier way of analyzing the data with the help of a large number of people (Ghorayeb, et al. 2021). This is very important for the further development of the city.
Smart energy: this is very helpful in both commercial and residential buildings of the city. This is very important to save energy in the city. Smart grids and smart streetlights are very energy efficient. Monitoring the usage of energy can be important to control the use of unnecessary energy. Smart meters and smart grids are the most important for this.
3. Smart devices technology
Figure 3: Smart devices technology
Smartphones: This is a portable telephone. This is the combination of computation features and features of telephones. It can run a wide range of software that is very helpful to perform several tasks. With the help of a wide range of software, life becomes easier.
Smart cars: smart cars refer to cars that have artificial intelligence installed. These cars have the ability to automate in terms of different tasks (Marcu, et al. 2020). Navigation is one of the most important features of smart cars. Nowadays, robotic cars have also been introduced. However, it is worth mentioning that this cannot replace a human being completely.
Smart thermostats: This device helps to control the heat of a room. This device is based on WIFI. Besides, this device also does ventilation of the home and air conditioning. This can ensure energy saving. In some devices, sensors have been attached to this as an additional feature.
Smartwatches: these can be considered wearable computers. This device can record regular activities. These devices can do basic tasks, as well as some specific tasks such as, “heart rate monitors”, “pedometers”, “thermometers” and many more. These devices are connected to mobile phones via Bluetooth.
Smart Glasses: With the help of these glasses, people can import whatever they see through the glasses. Hence, this can be compared to a computer that is wearable. All information shown by this device is displayed on the head mount monitor (Pradhan, et al. 2018).
Smart key chains: this is a key ring, with which many keys can be attached. This has the ability to alert people whether the keys are lost. However, if the keys are lost, the owner can track the location of the Keyes. Hence, this is very important in daily life.
Virtual hospitals: with the help of smart technologies, treatment is possible from a distance. Health care service providers can easily connect to the patients who are in their house. Some patients might not be able to visit the health care institutions; hence, this technology is very helpful in these cases only (Abbas, et al. 2020). This is most important for the treatment of diseases that may have the risk of contamination, for example, COVID 19.
Wearable biosensors: these devices are very lightweight and small in size. These are very helpful to monitor several health indicators, such as heart rate, temperature, respiratory rate and so on. With The help of these divided diseases, diagnosis becomes very easy.
Connected inhalers: this device is controlled by an app or software. This is very helpful to track the condition of the patients and even the use of medication. This device has the facility of alerting the patients to take medicines and mention the doges of the magicians. The app of the device is very helpful to provide personalized recommendations to the patients.
“Automated insulin delivery”: this can be considered an “Artificial Pancreas system”. This device helps to monitor the blood glucose level continuously (Wan, et al. 2018). This is very helpful to determine the amount of glucose that is needed for the patients. This has the ability to deliver insulin to the patients according to its monitoring features.
CCTV: CCTV cameras play an important role to ensure the safety of the patients. If any problem arises, the CCTV cameras can identify this. Hence, this is very important in emergencies.
5. Smart technology in agriculture
Figure 5: Smart technology in agriculture
“IoT-Based Farming '': data related to agriculture can be found and shared with the help of the internet. There are several steps that can be found in smart farming, those are,
Observation: data related to observations can be recorded with the help of sensors. Data related to soil, temperature, and plans as well as colts can be found.
Diagnostics: data collected from the farms are saved in the cloud (Chugh, et al. 2021).
Decisions?: data collected from the cloud can be helpful to make decisions for the farmers
Action: after taking a decision, the farmers can take action accordingly.
Precision Farming: IoT-based farming makes the agriculture industry more accurate and controlled. Sometimes, plants and animals need a particular treatment. Devices that can provide accurate results can determine this. The entire land or the total number of animals is divided into small segments and hence, the framing becomes easy.
“Smart Greenhouses”: the traditional method of greenhouse depends on manual interventions. This old intervention results in the loss of huge amounts of energy. However, according to Santiteerakul, et al. (2020) IoT based greenhouses are very helpful to monitor and control the climate of the greenhouse automatically. Many sensors help to do this task. In these greenhouses, requirements for particular problems can be monitored. The entire data from the greenhouse can be saved in the cloud. Hence, there is no risk of data loss.
Agricultural Drones: aerial and ground drones can be helpful in the agricultural field. These are very helpful for health monitoring, irrigation, spraying in the fields, plantation, soil analysis and so on (Yang, et al. 2021). Drones can be helpful to monitor thermal conditions and capture visual images. Measurement of the plants, mapping of the lands, measurements of chlorophyll, and measurements of the amount of nitrogen in the waste can also be done with the help of a drone. However, besides large scale farming, IoT based farming is also very helpful to manage small scale farming as well, such as family farming, organic farming and even breeding of particular cattle.
Smart Technologies in Healthcare and Daily Life
Area
Technology
Smart home technology
Surveillance Cameras
Smart Door Locks
Smart Home Sensors
Garage Door Openers
Smart Voice Recognition
Smart cities technology
Smart transportation
CCTV
Weather report
Smart data
Smart energy
Smart devices technology
Smartphones
Smart thermostats
Smart cars
Smartwatches
Smart Glasses
Smart key chains
Smart Technology in Healthcare and Pharmaceuticals
Virtual hospitals
Wearable biosensors
Connected inhalers
Automated insulin delivery
CCTV
Smart technology in agriculture
IoT-Based Farming
Precision Farming
Smart Greenhouses
Agricultural Drones
Table 1: Smart Technologies in Healthcare and Daily Life
References:
Abbas, K., Afaq, M., Ahmed Khan, T. and Song, W.C., 2020. A blockchain and machine learning-based drug supply chain management and recommendation system for smart pharmaceutical industry. Electronics, 9(5), p.852.
Chugh, G., Siddique, K.H. and Solaiman, Z.M., 2021. Nanobiotechnology for agriculture: smart technology for combating nutrient deficiencies with nanotoxicity challenges. Sustainability, 13(4), p.1781.
Del Rio, D.D.F., Sovacool, B.K., Bergman, N. and Makuch, K.E., 2020. Critically reviewing smart home technology applications and business models in Europe. Energy Policy, 144, p.111631.
Del Rio, D.F., Sovacool, B.K. and Martiskainen, M., 2021. Controllable, frightening, or fun? Exploring the gendered dynamics of smart home technology preferences in the United Kingdom. Energy Research & Social Science, 77, p.102105.
Feng, S., Farha, F., Li, Q., Wan, Y., Xu, Y., Zhang, T. and Ning, H., 2019. Review on smart gas sensing technology. Sensors, 19(17), p.3760.
Ghorayeb, A., Comber, R. and Gooberman-Hill, R., 2021. Older adults' perspectives of smart home technology: Are we developing the technology that older people want?. International journal of human-computer studies, 147, p.102571.
Kenrick, N., Svabova, L. and Nica, E., 2019. Real-time health-related data, wearable medical sensor devices, and smart cyber-physical systems. American Journal of Medical Research, 6(2), pp.25-30.
Marcu, I., Suciu, G., B?l?ceanu, C., Vulpe, A. and Dr?gulinescu, A.M., 2020. Arrowhead technology for digitalization and automation solution: smart cities and smart agriculture. Sensors, 20(5), p.1464.
Maswadi, K., Ghani, N.B.A. and Hamid, S.B., 2020. Systematic literature review of smart home monitoring technologies based on IoT for the elderly. IEEE Access, 8, pp.92244-92261.
