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The tourism industry is one of the greatest sources of income in the world. A major part of GDP or gross domestic product comes from this place. The tourism industry is a major source of many people's employment also and it gives entertainment and joy to people from all over the world. Contemporary tourism’s development will need to be done in this essay and future impacts will be critically evaluated in that part. An outline of the industry will be given and a brief definition will be given on the contemporary tourism industry. Descriptions of issues are also given in the project. Socio-cultural impacts and environmental impacts – both positive and negative sides will be highlighted. A few examples will be used and in three sections, those impacts will be explained. Each point and aspect will be illustrated and its significance of it will be described. Few figures will be used for indicating and analysing information. There are a few sections in this essay and each section; every impact is described in the assignment.
Definition of contemporary tourism and development
Contemporary tourism refers to an international approach that helps to present the tourism industry in a proper new and fully refreshing way. This approach is used for giving emphasis on the relationship among tourism general principles and other practices. The study of this subject is constantly changing as well as they can consider issues for undertaking this refreshing approach. They can relate it with security and global tourism organisations undertake tourism strategies for coping with changes. After illustrating potential implications, it can be understood that they should make strategies destination-based. Health issues, terrorism and covid pandemic – everything is included in the study of contemporary tourism and development. This has a certain flow and it also has a particular pattern. World order is changing and destination marketing is changing.
Customers want to make extraordinary experiences in new places which have to be explored and those places can be regional or international. The modern and present concept of tourism development is changed and companies take certain steps for innovating tourism services and products. Intercultural communication is a very important thing which was not improved in previous years. However day by day it is developing because technology is becoming more updated. Tourism companies are getting special attention and they are following innovation and tradition. There are a few international and contemporary tourism ethics that should be followed (Ito-ag.com, 2022). It is a whole geographical system and there are mainly a few factors which are source region, destination region, a particular transit route and finally the environment. Consumer and producers – both are equally responsible and they work on improving travel experiences. Tourism companies find difficulties while deciding how and where to enrich consumer knowledge. They have taken their travel experiences to another level. The job market is determinant and the economy is globalised. Future pReferences are made by reviewing consumers' choices. Tourist forecasts are given below.
Positive and negative economic impacts of tourism
Global tourism has a few economic benefits which are employment, business investment, increasing business revenues and building infrastructure. When tourism organisations are trying to give people multiple employment opportunities and scopes for jobs. They are recruited as tour guides and some educated people are recruited as managers and human resource managers. Companies help local communities' people by helping them in their work. When a country's place is naturally beautiful and scenic beauty is extraordinary, investors come from worldwide and they make investments. The company's staffs are provided training for managing travel-related activities and they also focus on practical learning. Companies are able to increase their business revenue by drawing the attention of their consumers (Nunes, S. and Cooke, P., 2021). Tourism organisations are major sources that help to generate a country's income and they inform urgency for building infrastructure. The global economy is increasing and people's earning rate is also maximising. Even there are few nations that were not populated at first, yet after establishing tourism organisations in those places, people know now those areas. For example, Bora Bora beach is beautiful yet the population is much less there. Tourism companies have established nice spots and they highlight features of the beach like crystal clear water. Now every year, so many visitors go to that beach and in this way, the economy of the place is increased. Lower wages, less economic opportunity, education and losing scope of local business. It is said that if the tourism industry takes over the place, they help other local sectors to grow which do not happen. Furthermore, when people see that they can earn by doing travel services, no interest will remain on continuing education. People's business opportunities are decreasing and features cannot be added. They are also not able to extend their focus much on unemployment and they cannot manage other rural leads. Sometimes tourism's values become high therefore the government does not focus on other things (Adams, 2021).
Positive and negative environmental impacts of tourism
It has few positive benefits on the environment yet most important is environmental balance can be kept through this (Yang et al. 2018). Pollution, wastages, wildlife destruction and more noises are a few negative environmental negative impacts of tourism. People's quality of life is getting lower and also this effect on country's environment. Travellers come and go and do not even think about the place's purity, heritage and other things. They throw bottles and plastic cups here and there. Most of the world's places are polluted by this as well as they do not even care about people's living places (Panasiuk et al. 2021). They buy plastic plates and glasses for fulfilling their needs only for a particular time yet they do not feel that it is required to keep the place clean. Even it is seen in the survey that when travellers board on ship or cruise, they fell wastages in the sea. In this way, they spread pollution and environmental diversity cannot be maintained by that. Travellers are not concerned about how pollution can be managed rather; they are the main reason for pollution. For instance, if tourists go to destinations like in hill or monastery, they should keep silent. However, travellers get excited very much and they cannot control emotions so they make louder noises. Travellers spoil the peace of the place. Tourism organisations are cutting down trees and there are not planting trees also. Animals lost their places for living and they are not getting enough food also. Deforestation is happening because hospitality organisations are planning to give tourism services to many more people (Tucker, 2019).
Positive and negative socio-cultural impacts of tourism
Positive impacts are preserving local culture, conserving local heritage, strengthening communities, determination social services and increasing commercialisation of arts. There are several negative impacts of tourism which are exploiting cultural resources, environmental degradation and non-considerable social and cultural impacts. Social changes are a few things that create barriers and globalisation has a strong impact on society. Preservation cannot be maintained as well as heritage cannot be maintained so cultural balance becomes spoiled (Frisch et al. 2019). Authenticity becomes lost and similar issues can be in the upcoming year. At the tie of reproducing several problems can appear. No decisions are taken for improving society's people and globalisation, authentication and also standardisation are a few things which create issues. Tourism companies cannot do deeper thinking for improving people's well-being as their taken actions affect the country's society and culture. It is also seen that people try to copy other nations' cultures and styles, in this way; they lost their traditions and standards. Cultural misbalance is one of the significant things and it becomes quite tough to relocate traditional communities (Wearing et al. 2019). Endangered species are increasing and the country's places are getting filled up with only pollution. In this pandemic, no one I able to meet people rather they can communicate with each other virtually. Economic activities cannot be stimulated, so this has an effect on culture. Government revenues are increasing and they are giving much effort to improve their countries’ tourism industry’s condition.
Conclusion
Consumers’ choices are changing very rapidly and they want unique services from tourism and hospitality organisations. The development of contemporary tourism is described in the essay. Then positive and negative socio-cultural, economic and environmental impact is discussed in the project. Definition of tourism is given as well as an issue related to tourism is highlighted. Few statistics and case studies are used in the project. An understanding of the evolution and development of contemporary tourism is demonstrated. Besides that, relationships between tourism, the environment, society, culture and the economy are identified and understood. For understanding global tourism, many aspects would need to be covered which is done in this project. Each and every point is discussed and then those negative and positive impacts are illustrated. Few recommendations can be used like - identifying their best perspective travellers for optimising ad purchasing, tailoring their marketing efforts by understanding the traveller type, enhancing exposure by making partnerships with social media influencers, creating destination videos and sharing unexplored locations in the regional and local area.
Reference
Adams, K.M., 2021. What western tourism concepts obscure: intersections of migration and tourism in Indonesia. Tourism Geographies, 23(4), pp.678-703.
Asongu, S.A., Nnanna, J., Biekpe, N. and Acha-Anyi, P.N., 2019. Contemporary drivers of global tourism: evidence from terrorism and peace factors. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 36(3), pp.345-357.
Frisch, T., Sommer, C., Stoltenberg, L. and Stors, N. eds., 2019. Tourism and everyday life in the contemporary city. London: Routledge.
Ito-ag.com, 2022 homepage viewed on 24/02/2022 from <http://www.ito-ag.com/>
Nunes, S. and Cooke, P., 2021. New global tourism innovation in a post-coronavirus era. European Planning Studies, 29(1), pp.1-19.
Panasiuk, A., 2021. Contemporary threats to the development of sustainable urban tourism. In Handbook of Sustainable Development and Leisure Services (pp. 141-156). Springer, Cham.
Tucker, H., 2019. Colonialism and its tourism legacies. In Handbook of globalisation and tourism. Edward Elgar Publishing.
Wearing, S., McDonald, M., Taylor, G. and Ronen, T., 2019. Neoliberalism and global tourism. In Handbook of globalisation and tourism. Edward Elgar Publishing.
Yang, E.C.L., Lee, J.S.H. and Khoo-Lattimore, C., 2018. Asian cultures and contemporary tourism: Locating Asia, cultural differences and trends. In Asian cultures and contemporary tourism (pp. 1-17). Springer, Singapore.
