Unit 11: Understand Safeguarding And Protection Assignment Answer

Unit 11: Understand Safeguarding And Protection

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Question 1

1) Explain the current legislative framework that underpins the safeguarding of vulnerable adults within our UK home nation (Unit 11 - 1.1).

The “Human Right Act of 1998 ” stated that all public bodies should protect adults from different unlawful discrimination and it needs to ensure that adults with disabilities can enjoy freedom in their life as other people. As per the “Safeguarding Vulnerable Groups Act 2006” there are different trusts of NHS and other welfare groups that need to protect and give support to vulnerable adults (legislation.gov.uk, 2022). On the other hand “The Care Act 2014” also stated that local authorities and public bodies need to protect vulnerable adults from abuse and neglect (skillsforcare.org.uk, 2021). This Act includes several activities such as taking action to protect vulnerable adults and support them to recover from any type of danger in the UK. According to the “Mental Capacity Act 2005”, vulnerable adults who are not able to make their decision due to their illness, injuries, and others need support to make their decision.

The Act of mental capacity also helps to protect vulnerable adults who do not have the mental capacity to make any kind of decision to lead a good life. The “Health and Social Care Act 2012” also helps to recover vulnerable adults from the poor care system and neglect in the UK healthcare sectors. The “Sexual Offences Act 2003” also ensures that local authorities and public bodies both need to ensure that adults with several disabilities need to protect from any kind of sexual abuse. This sexual abuse act gives support to vulnerable adults in the UK to take action and lodge complaints against the sexual offense. These are the legislation that may help to protect vulnerable adults in the UK and give them the proper rights, freedom, and safety as others (Rudolph and Zimmer-Gembeck, 2018). It is a major responsibility of the public bodies and local authorities to reduce the discrimination and neglect towards vulnerable adults in the UK and give them a meaningful life so that they can lead a good life.

Question 2

2) Explain how current national guidelines, local policies and procedures for safeguarding affect your day-to-day work (Unit 11 - 1.2).

In the UK, the Safeguarding Vulnerable Groups Act 2006 has been enforced to help society from risk or harm and prevent people who are deemed unsuitable to work with children, adolescents and older people. This national guideline restricts these people from getting access to the people who are the most vulnerable to society in terms of being abused.

The Care Act 2014 set the statutory responsibilities for the integration of care and support between the local and healthcare agencies. This act aims to prevent or reduce the incidence rate of abuse or neglect in society for children and adults; to promote an outcome approach for safeguarding that works for people resulting in the best experience possible. Another aim of the Care Act 2014 is to raise awareness among people about how to protect themselves from exploitation and abuse (Robinson and Graham, A., 2019). This act also ensures the roles and responsibilities of the people and organisation about how to protect society from abuse. This act also leads the development of a strong multi-agency framework for safeguarding.

Question 3

3) Explain your own responsibilities relating to the current legislative framework with regards to safeguarding of adults and children (Unit 11 - 1.3) (Unit 11 - 5.1).

As a healthcare practitioner, I have several responsibilities to safeguard children, young people from neglect, sexual abuse, and physical abuse. It is important to have proper knowledge regarding the safeguarding legislation to protect young people and children in the UK (Mathews, 2019). I have a responsibility to report a safeguarding lead and other authorities when I saw any children and young people facing sexual abuse, or neglect from others. As a healthcare practitioner, it is important to give care and support to every child and adult with severe disabilities. There are many children and young people who receive neglect, and abuse from family members and society. Therefore as a healthcare practitioner, I need to inform the police and lodge complaints against this offense based on the care Act (Kerr and Stirling, 2019). Being a care practitioner I need to promote the well-being of children, and young people to understand their needs and protect them from any type of abuse, or neglect. Any action one takes must be ensured to stop abuse or neglect. Even if the youngster doesn't ask for assistance, you still have a "responsibility to safeguard" if they are being harmed. I need to give support to children and young people those have not the mental capacity to make any decision. It is a duty to arrange care services for young people and children who have several injuries, or disabilities (Callaghan et al. 2019). On a need to take some precautions to support people who are neglected to get proper care and services from society effectively. As a healthcare practitioner, it is important to maintain the privacy of data and personal information of children, and young people who face neglect to avoid any type of disclosure.

Question 4

4) Explain the responsibility of others to safeguard children and young people who are present in an adult social care work setting (Unit 11 – 5.2).

It is a huge responsibility for all people to safeguard children as well as young people. However, people who are working in adult social care are more responsible for taking action against abuse, discrimination, and neglect and protecting children, and young people in society. There are some responsibilities of people who work in adult care are described below;

• Care workers: The care workers working in adult care are responsible for rescuing children and young people from neglect, and discrimination and reporting to the care authorities to protect them (Sanderson and Weathers, 2020). It is also the responsibility of care workers to report all incidents regarding abuse, and be neglected to the safeguarding lead.
• The lead of safeguarding: The lead of safeguarding takes decisions and decides what steps should be taken for protecting children and young people from neglect and abuse (Flynn, 2020). Lead also decides which care agency will be suitable for providing care, and safety for children, and young people who are facing abuse.
• Police: Police are also working in adult care and are responsible for applying appropriate legislation such as “the Care Act 2014”, and “safeguarding Vulnerable Groups Act2006” (skillsforcare.org.uk, 2021). Police are also responsible for investigating crime and offenses against the child as well as young care. Police are also responsible for protecting children, young people in the UK who are facing neglect, and different types of abuse within the society.
• Families: Families are also responsible special parents are needed to ensure better quality care, and support for adults, and children to minimize the crime against the theme in the UK. Parents and other family members need to maintain a minimum level of well-being to understand their feelings (Flynn, 2020). Therefore, it can be said that family members are also responsible for safeguarding children and other families within society.

Question 5

5.1) Explain the different types of abuse

Physical abuse: The signs and symptoms of physical abuse include fractures and broken bones, seizures, Vomiting, and scarring. On the other hand, different types of injuries are also major signs of physical abuse.

Sexual abuse: This type of abuse can be recognized by observing sexually transmitted diseases, wetting clothes, and physical pain, adults also faced problems in sitting and walking due to sexual abuse. On the other hand, adults who are sexually abused have several behavioral signs such as fear, depression, and stress.

Psychological abuse: this type of abuse also has some significant signs such as threatening others, ignoring, isolating others from others, emotional bullying, and insulting other people (Mathews, 2019). Psychological and emotional abuse also negatively affects the kind of people and makes them more isolated from others in society.

Financial abuse: This kind of abuse has several signs and symptoms as people who are financially abused are more intended to do irrelevant expenditures and spend all money after receiving money (Kerr and Stirling, 2019). People cannot control spending money which raises irregular spending.

Institutional abuse: Poor standard of care, lack of workplace flexibility, lack of safety, and poor level of staffing are the main signs of institutional abuse for people.

Self-neglect abuse: It has some effective signs and symptoms including poor hygiene, lack of clothes, food, and daily needs (Callaghan et al. 2019). Malnutrition is also a symptom of a person and indicates the person facing self-neglect abuse.

Neglecting by others abuse: Lack of growth, poor well-being, minimum development of morality are the major symptoms for people who are facing neglect by others.

Discrimination abuse: A tendency of isolation from others, anxiety, depression, stress, refusal to access any kind of services are the major signs as well as symptoms of discriminatory abuse.

5.2) Explain actions to take if there are suspicions that an individual is being abused (Unit 11 - 2.2).

Abuse can take place anywhere. Families are becoming concerned when their family members are far away from home. Abuse can be defined as the illegal and inappropriate, harmful practice which can take place in different forms, like:

• Sexual abuse
• Physical abuse
• Psychological abuse
• Neglect and exploitation

The person responsible for the abuse is often well-known to the person abused. They could be a:

• Paid care workers
• A healthcare worker, social worker
• A relative or friend, or neighbour
• An occasional visitors
• Someone who provides regular services

Observation is one of the important actions to address whether someone is being abused or not. An individual used to change their behavioural approaches and appearance after being exploited or abused. These might be small changes, but a behaviour change can be a good indication to suspect. Additionally, the identification of small injuries, withdrawal attitudes, and tearful or anxious behaviour can be an indication to suspect whether that individual is abused or not (Young et al., 2019). In such a scenario, reporting to the healthcare organisation and emergency services is important to provide primary health care and mental support to the victim. If there is no immediate danger, one should report the concern regarding abuse to the local authority. Reporting to the safeguarding team can respond swiftly to the victim and provide mental and medicinal support to cope with the trauma.

5.3) Explain actions if an individual alleges they are being abused (Unit 11 - 2.3).

It is important to have a good idea about the sign and symptoms related to the abuse. Still, as a care worker or care provider, it is important to take necessary action if an individual claim to be abused. A child or young adult who has experienced abuse is likely to feel ashamed or guilty. Based on the disclosure of the data or handling, that person can make a difference between healing or experiencing future trauma. In the case of children, it is often seen that they used to blame themselves for what happened. The abuser used to threaten the children in such a way that if he or she told anyone, then he would hurt that child or someone who loves the child. Therefore, it is important to encourage children to open up and share the incident. An emotional reaction can make children or young adults even more afraid and guilty and help them to develop a withdrawal attitude (Firmin, 2020). Communication can be one of the best approaches to safeguard individuals who claim to be abused. Use words like "I believe you"; or "I am so proud of you for speaking up, and I will do everything to keep you safe"- this communicative approach can make the individual comfortable and assured to speak up. Excessive pressure to speak out can cause a negative outcome. Therefore, the care providers should practice being calm and empathetic while communicating with the individual who is being abused. After that, reporting is important to provide assurance of safety and safeguarding to the victims.

Have patience. Leaving a non-abusive relationship can be difficult but leaving the abusive one is also harder. Therefore, the care providers need to gather strength, develop a plan and have the necessary support in place for the victims. The whole process can be incredibly scary, specifically for that individual who has experienced the abuse and terrorised, along with the feeling of being worthless. Here another important part of the action plan will be to develop safety planning for the individual. One of the most crucial things someone can do to support a friend or family member is this. A safety plan is a unique strategy that prioritises a victim's security (Walker, 2012). It enables them to stay out of perilous situations or have a backup strategy in case things get out of hand. A safety plan can be developed to help the victim escape or remain safe in an abusive relationship, but it must be prepared with the victim's cooperation.

5.4) Explain how to raise concerns when suspected abuse has been reported but the procedure does not appear to have been followed (Unit 11 - 2.4).

Concern should be raised immediately when the abuse has been reported, but the procedure does not follow. Nobody wants an unhappy existence where everything feels hopeless no matter how much effort is put into making things better; we all deserve happiness. Unsafe practices should continue to be challenged and stopped from continuing if they are against what you want for your business or personal life in general. When the suspected abuse has been reported, but the process does not follow, then it is important to follow several steps:

1. It is important to document what is happening or what happened and when the incident happened. This document can serve as evidence for future investigation. After allocating the information, it is important to communicate the data with the hierarchy. For any healthcare setup, the healthcare professionals and staff like midwives, nurses and care providers should be included in the decision-making process. In this scenario, the higher authority can include Employment Act, Health Care Act and whistleblowing policy to provide safety and security to the staff (Blyth and Solomon, 2012). At the same time, there is essential to raise concerns against any dilemma or conflict regarding safeguarding to the people.
2. Another important part towards raising the concern if there is any dilemma or gap in safeguarding practice in any workplace setup is reporting the concern. The training should be given to the staff so they can report the concern related to vulnerable adults or children or the healthcare workers directly regarding the policies. Here is the organisation hierarchy whose major responsibility will be to implement regulations and policies so that the process and safeguarding practice can be kept on the right track. Here a platform should also be set up at the workplace from which workers can provide victim support and occupational health and wellbeing measures for both employees and employers who raise concerns regarding the dilemma or conflicts regarding the safeguarding practice.

Question 6

6.1) Discuss, at length, conflicts and dilemmas that can occur in relation to safeguarding children and young people present in an adult social care setting (Unit 11 - 7.1).

Working with children and adolescents can be considered an important duty of care. Children who are at a young age and more vulnerable need proper care. The practitioner's attention and alertness keep the children safe as they grow; they teach them the understanding to recognise and manage potential hazards, an understanding that their actions may hurt or upset others, and communication so they may communicate about the harm others may be causing them (de Alwis and Horridge, 2016).

The duty of care contributes to safeguarding and protecting children and young individuals and can be carried out in multiple ways:

1. Proper assessment of risks both inside and outside of the organisation
2. to avoid potential risks or hazards which lead to harm through accidents or outbreaks of infection among children and young adults (Chambers et al., 2021)
3. maintain clear boundaries and set up boundaries
4. observing the children and assessing their development
5. working in partnership with healthcare agencies and parents to ensure better development and health, and well-being of the children and young adults
6. maintain relevant policies and regulations related to the safeguarding policies
7. recruit and employ a member of staff who is trained with SENCO

conflicts or dilemmas can occur between individual rights and duty of care. Additionally, confluent or dilemmas in safeguarding practice can occur if the staff or responsible authorities have a different opinion towards protecting the child. For example, staff members can believe that they have signs of abuse, and other staff may think they do not. This difference in opinion can give rise to conflict between children's family members and carers. The dilemma can also arise due to improper reports to the responsible authorities about child protection and safeguarding issue (World Health Organization, 2019). For example, if the care workers do not inform the social service authorities, the child may face the same exploitation or abuse. Another dilemma may arise when confidentiality has been broken and sharing of information has been practised. When it comes to safeguarding children and young adults, the focus must be on maintaining the confidentiality of information and disclosure of child information. Misuse of the information can lead children towards social harassment and abuse. Other dilemmas that can arise within the settings are:

1. staff turnover
2. break of confidentiality
3. fabrication of data and information
4. lack of teamwork (World Health Organization, 2019)
5. lack of mutual understanding within the team
6. absence of a staff member

there are many ways the risks can be managed that are associated with the conflicts and dilemmas:

1. allowing the children to abide by the guidance
2. make the children aware of the potential hazards
3. allowing children to develop and learn the skill of self-protection and cope with the risky scenario

6.2) Identify actions to take when conflicts and dilemmas about safeguarding arise [children] (Unit 11 – 7.2).

While conflict or dilemma arises regarding safeguarding the children, it is important to look after the matter and deal with those in an empathetic and careful way. For children, safeguarding concern is related to the scenario when they are living in circumstances where there is a significant risk of physical harassment, abuse, exploitation and neglect. To address the conflicts or dilemmas in safeguarding the children, the first and foremost necessity is to oversee whether the children are:

1. Still experiencing neglect or physical abuse.
2. Whether the care and support needs are unable to protect the children from abuse or exploitation
3. Whether the organisation and responsible authorities are taking action to mitigate the dilemmas or conflicts related to safeguarding the children.

Whistleblowing and raising concerns policy: when there is a sudden rise of conflicts and dilemmas in safeguarding children, staff should know the proper reporting process and the action that should be taken into consideration. Staff should never feel nervous about raising concerns- and they have to avoid fear about any negative repercussions. The foremost action to mitigate any dilemma in safeguarding children will be to train the staff and workers proactively. The whistleblowing policy should be implemented in real-time at the practice. The continuous monitoring of the policy is important (Ford et al., 2020). Implementing the policy can give the staff details about the support they will receive when there is any scope for raising the concern. Here the hierarchy of the organisation can be made decisions about to check whether the concern related to the conflicts or dilemmas related to the children's safeguarding issues have met the criteria as per the Care Act, 2014, Section 42 (Sahlberg et al., 2020). A strategy meeting can also be conducted to identify the primary cause of conflicts among the workers towards safeguarding practice.

Additionally, a safeguarding enquiry can be carried out by the healthcare organisation and multiple agencies. It can help to get a detailed report about the dilemma towards safeguarding practice. This, in turn, can lead to the development of a plan by which the challenges or dilemmas in safeguarding practice can be mitigated, and the process can be kept on the right track. A case conference can also be carried out as an action plan to decide whether the abuse took place or not and if there is further risk of abuse to the children. In this case conference, roles and responsibilities can also be separated among the workers based on their proficiency in protecting children from further abuse and ensuring their better health and well-being (Hartill . and Lang, 2018). This can help suppress the conflict and reduce the further cause of dilemma in safeguarding practice. A protection plan can also be drawn based on the case conference and decision. This protection plan can help to develop a different process to keep the children safe and well. Regular review of the protection plan should also be essential to ensure its better and anticipated outcome.

There are five steps with which the action towards mitigating challenges or dilemmas in safeguarding the children can be carried out. The five steps are: Recognise, React, Record, Respond and Review (Kelly and Chisnell, 2019).

Recognise: here, a healthcare practitioner or responsible authority must ensure that the sign of wrong or dilemma in practice and the need for reporting have been identified.

React: at this step, the responsible person must have to take the necessary action to make a plan for mitigating the dilemma and conflicts related to the safeguarding of the children.

Record: ensure that all the action and information are being recorded in written format (Lloyd, 2018)

Respond: After assessing the scenario and discussing it with higher officials and members or staff in the healthcare sector, a final decision on a course of action must be made. For example, raising concerns and referrals.

Review: continuous monitoring of the plan should be carried out to check whether the plan is sufficient enough to meet the anticipated needs in safeguarding the children.

Question 7

7.1) Explain agreed on protocols for working in partnership with other organisations (Unit 11 - 3.1).

Definition-wise, partnership working refers to doing a job along with many others with distinct roles and responsibilities. In any healthcare setup, a working partnership approach can improve the quality of care services to a considerable extent. According to the Care Act 2014, it should be important for any healthcare organisation, agencies, and professionals to work together in partnership (Tweedlie and Vincent, 2019). The purpose or benefit of partnership working is related to the assurance of promoting the protection and safeguarding of vulnerable individuals in a better way when every professional within an organsiation collaborates.

Reporting to the higher authorities, following and abide by the Care Act, 2010, and other national and local policies to work in partnership will be the main approach. In any health care setup, partnership working should be carried out by developing an environment of mutual respect and understandings.

7.2) Explain your role in Partnership Working (Unit 11 - 3.2).

In the adult care unit or any health and social care setup, the role of a healthcare practitioner is to provide protection and safeguard the adults and the people who are in need. Additionally, in partnership working, it will also be my responsibility to check the requirements and needs of the service seekers to ensure their health and well-being. As a healthcare practitioner, I will also try to collaborate with other general physicians, nurses and midwives to check whether every individual, specifically older people, is getting necessary healthcare and medicinal support and care on time (Preston-Shoot, 2019). Additionally, as a healthcare practitioner, my responsibility in partnership will be to coordinate with a psychologist to ensure that the individuals in healthcare can get enough scope to stabilise or maintain good mental health and well-being. Additionally, I will continue the partnership with the organisational hierarchy to check whether the basic needs and requirements of the nurses, midwives and other healthcare workers are being mitigated to a considerable extent or not and whether they are fully committed to giving the best healthcare services on behalf of organsiation or not. Every professional in the healthcare sector has the responsibility to protect vulnerable people from any kind of abuse or neglect (Cocker et al., 2022). Therefore, as healthcare workers, it is essential to ensure safety and promote the well-being of people when delivering person-centric holistic care. By promoting partnerships working across every agency and department in health care organisations- it can contribute to the development and maintenance of effective inter-agency communication, promote a culture of changes and prevent poor practice and discrimination (Glasper, 2020).

The benefit of partnership working in health and social care organisation is: with partnership working as a healthcare professional or practitioner; I can provide the best service and support to each patient as well as to the community and society in collaboration with care organisations and agencies. Delivering seamless care to the community through tailored health and social care services is used to be the main purpose of any healthcare organsiation as well as practitioners, which can only be acquired through partnership working (Preston-Shoot, 2019). As a healthcare professional, in partnership with the care unit and local healthcare agencies, it will be easy for me to make people understand the importance of living a healthy lifestyle and how a person can ensure health and well-being. With partnership working, I can also raise awareness about several health-related detrimental practices like smoking and drinking habits and make the community people aware of the benefits of exercising towards the well-being of physical and mental health. With partnership working, screening, intervention and implementation of the healthcare policies can be easy within the community, and it can ensure a beneficial outcome on a long-term basis.

Question 8

8.1) Explain how to support others in raising concerns (Unit 11 - 4.1).

As a healthcare practitioner, it will be the foremost responsibility to raise a concern about safety and welfare in the workplace. Though supporting others and raising a concern can be stressful and isolating, but when as a practitioner is raising concern, then that individual is trusting the organisation and allowing the workers or organisation to put the process in the right order and reduce the risks. In such a scenario, it will be the responsibility of others to repay that trust and protect that person throughout the process. A healthcare practitioner should also be familiar with the process of reporting concerns. When it comes to supporting others to raise concerns, the person must be transparent and honest about how the process of raising a concern can be handled. As a healthcare practitioner, it will be essential to ensure that person is taken it seriously (Tweedlie and Vincent, 2019). To support people in raising concerns, it is also essential to ensure that the organisation has robust policies and procedures by following which the concern can be raised and reported. Making a complaint and raising concern is a legal requirement for any healthcare organisation, and issues can be escalated if the individual is unsatisfied with the responses. The organisation can implement Health and Safety Executive or HSE and standard set up by the CQC along with whistleblowing policies to restrict the healthcare workers from being treated others unfairly (Kelly and Chisnell, 2019). At the same time, it comes to raise concern on any aspect.

8.2) Explain how to support others during the safeguarding process (Unit 11 - 4.2).

In any adult care safeguarding and protecting the people who are in distressed scenarios is an essential duty for every healthcare worker and/or care, provider. Though, the safeguarding process for adolescents or older people can be distressing or challenging for every individual associated with the process. Therefore, every individual, starting from the service providers to service seekers, must be to is well-involved in what will happen (Sahlberg et al., 2020). The patients or the people who are in need of safeguarding in the adult care unit must know when things may get better or worse at the time of the question session. There are several rules with which one can support others at the time of safeguarding people:

1. Make the people aware and understanding of the process that has to be followed for safeguarding or supporting.
2. The people who are responsible for supporting the people who are in need or distressed scenarios should follow the policies and procedures, rules and Guidance of Active and the code of conduct.
3. care providers should always be within professional boundaries and be aware of maintaining the confidentiality of the patient’s information.
4. Another important aspect of safeguarding the people is to respect their will. The service providers should not be forced people with needs to share any information and maintain privacy. For example, suppose an individual needs to disclose the incident of abuse or harassment but want to keep that secrete or confidential (Lloyd, 2018). In that case, the care provider should explain that he or she are bounded to provide all kind of protection to the victim.
5. Communication is an important part of safeguarding people. The use of appropriate language, empathy, and proper body gesture, comfortable eye contact can be the best possible way for care providers when it comes to supporting people who need proper safeguarding.
6. It is also important to listen to people in need and ask open questions. When it comes to safeguarding someone, care providers should avoid favouritism. Without any biasness, the service providers should listen to the victims and respect the individuals’ privacy along with the assurance of the individual’s immediate safety (Hartill and Lang, 2018).

As a healthcare practitioner, it should be important to offer comfortable accompaniment to the people when they need to talk with the statutory agencies. Though, in this scenario, there is no need to tell the person or the victim directly what to say and how to say it. Otherwise, it will look like manipulation. When it comes to supporting people in safeguarding, one of the foremost necessities is to avoid manipulation, favouritism or being biased toward someone. While dealing with victims or people who require urgent safety, the practitioner should be respectful, listen and ask the question so that the victim knows that they have people to care for, and they try to look at them as “victims only” (Sahlberg et al., 2020). All these processes might sound complicated, but it is a straightforward way to support someone who has experienced any abuse or is in need of safeguarding due to health issues.

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